Separate sheets from the reports with the testimony of those arrested by the directorates of the NKVD of the USSR
Archive: AP RF F. 3. Op. 24. D. 408. L. 144‐168
For the 4th DEPARTMENT [1]
1. BERMAN B.Z. ‐ Former 2nd secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU (b). Interrogated: KOLOSKOV.
He confessed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet organization of the right, to which he was recruited in 1935 in the mountains. Kirov CARPENTER.
The anti‐Soviet organization in Kirov included: STOLYAR, ABUGOV,
LEGKONRAVOV, HAKOBYAN, DUBINSKY, * BELKEVICH, IVANOV, ROGOZHIN, GOLDMAN, YURSHKIN, AKMIN and BEREZIN. * [2]
The organization carried out sabotage in agriculture and industry.
The CARPENTER set himself the task of disrupting logging. They paid special attention to the Izhevsk steel plant, the organization of sabotage, accidents, and the release of mass rejects.
The members of the anti‐Soviet organization of the right in Udmurtia were: G. IVANOV ‐ Chairman of the Council of Peopleʹs Commissars, PT IVANOV ‐ the second secretary of OK, KILBDIBEKOV ‐ editor of the newspaper, CARRIER ‐ authorized committee for procurement, KRIVOSHEIN ‐ deputy. Peopleʹs Commissariat for Land, and others (named 15 people in total).
Further, BERMAN testified that when he moved to Sverdlovsk, he, together with the CARPENTER, continued his anti‐Soviet work, imposing members of the organization (LVOVA, SAMARINA, TESLYA) on the leadership work.
2. KOLETVINOV ‐ formerly before. organizing committee of the AllRussian Central Executive Committee in Tula. Interrogated:
KRASOVSKY.
KOLETVINOV confessed that he was a member of the Pravotrotskyist organization that existed in the Tula region, in which he was involved in 1934 by SEDELNIKOV, who was then the secretary of the Tula city committee of the CPSU (b). Subsequently, due to his anti‐Soviet activities, he was associated with SOYFER, who worked as the secretary of the Tula city committee of the CPSU (b), and later as the secretary of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) in the Tula region.
KOLETVINOV testified that the organization carried out its anti‐Soviet activities in accordance with the directives of the center of the Trotskyist bloc, with which SOYFER was in contact, and before him SEDELNIKOV.
According to the testimony of KOLETVINOV, the members of the organization are: * SOYFER * [3] ‐ Secretary of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in the Tula Region; * OVSEENKO * [4] ‐ head. ORPO Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b); * TROFIMOV * [5] ‐ former. assistant SOYFER; ADAM ‐ SOYFERʹs assistant; BEZUKHOV ‐ Second Secretary of the City Committee of the CPSU (b); LOBANOV ‐ b. the chairman of the city council; MOZAEV ‐ Deputy Chairman of the City Council; TOKAREV ‐ Secretary of the
City Council; ROGOV ‐ Chairman of the City Council; AFANASIEV ‐ Head gorfo; GUBERMAN ‐ Head regional health department.
The organization carried out sabotage work in the industry and agriculture of the region.
3. SOYFER Y. G. ‐ Former secretary of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) in the Tula region. Interrogated: GERZON.
He confessed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet organization of the right, to which he was recruited in 1928 by the former. 2nd secretary of the MK CPSU (b) KOTOV.
From 1933 to 1935, working as secretary of the Dzerzhinsky and then Leninsky district committees of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, he was associated with the Trotskyite group, which carried out anti‐Soviet work in the MK and the Moscow Oblast Executive Committee, in particular, was associated with Filatov, Kaminsky, Margolin, Furer and Crimea.
SOYFER testified that in Moscow he recruited the following persons into the Pravotrotskyist organization: V.Ya. TROFIMOV. ‐ Former assistant secretary of the Leninsky district committee, OVSEENKO ‐ former agitprop of the Leninsky district committee, currently the head. ORPO of the Tula Regional Committee, and LIPSKY Yu.A. ‐ Former Zavorg of the Lenin District Committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
In 1935, before leaving for work in Tula as the secretary of the city committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, SOYFER received the task of KAMINSKY to contact there the former secretary of the Tula city committee SEDELNIKOV and the 2nd secretary BYKHOVSKY, who are active participants in the Trotskyist organization in Tula.
SOYFER further testified that upon his arrival in Tula, he contacted members of the organization KOLETVINOV, IVANOV, GAYDUL and KHODORKOVSKY. When organizing the Tula region, he took measures to promote the members of the Pravotrotskyist organization to leadership work. In addition, a lot of work was launched to recruit new members of the organization.
Along with this, as SOYFER shows, he, through the members of the
Trotskyist organization, established contact with the Socialist‐
Revolutionary and Menshevik underground in Tula.
In Tula, a terrorist group was also created, which included members of the organization DEBT, OVSEENKO and BEZUKHOV.
The organization also carried out a lot of sabotage work in the defense industry. For this purpose, SOYFER created a sabotage and sabotage organization at the Tula arms and cartridge factories, which was headed by b. secretary of the party committee TOZ BEZUKHOV, secretary of the factory district committee STEPANOV and former. the secretary of the party committee of the cartridge plant POLEZHAYEV.
4. Rabinovich I.M. ‐ former editor of the newspaper ʺTurkmenskaya Iskraʺ. Interrogated: VLADZIMIRSKY, COOPER.
He confessed that he was one of the leaders of the Trotskyist organization operating in the Turkmen SSR.
* Showed that he was recruited into the organization by former. secretary of the Central Committee of the Turkmen SSR POPOK, * [6] who was the head of the Trotskyist organization (at this time, POPOK ‐ secretary of the regional committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b) of the Republic of Volga Germans).
Among the leading members of the anti‐Soviet Trotskyist organization, RABINOVICH named KIPARISOV ‐ former. head promo‐department of the Central Committee of Turkmenistan, GULYAEVA ‐ former. head agitprop, BELETSKOGO ‐ former. deputy. head agricultural department, UMANSKOGO ‐ former. Secretary of the Ashgabat City Committee, FIRSOV ‐ former Deputy POPOK.
The organization carried out sabotage and sabotage in industry and agriculture.
5. LEGKONRAVOV, b. chairman of the regional executive committee of the DCK. Interrogated: SAMOKHVALOV, RHODES.
He gave additional testimony that the anti‐Soviet organization of the right in the Kirov region, of which he was one of the leaders, carried out great sabotage at an arms factory in the city of Izhevsk.
In 1935, when he met RYKOVY LEGKONRAVOV, he received instructions from the latter to intensify sabotage at the Izhevsk Arms Plant. LEGKONRAVOV passed this directive from RYKOV to STOLYAR, HAKOBYAN and BERMAN
HAKOBYAN and BERMAN directly supervised the sabotage work at the Izhevsk plant. They delayed the development of the production of automatic rifles, and then made a wrecking release of those with the expectation of their quick wear.
They carried out this sabotage by deliberately making lock mechanisms from metal that did not meet technical requirements. As a result, the manufactured rifles became unusable after several shots.
LEGKONRAVOV also testified that upon his arrival in Khabarovsk, he sought to create a squabble between the leading workers of the region and the command of the OKDVA. To this end, he tried with provocative fabrications to turn the leading workers against each other.
Further, LEGKONRAVOV testified that in Khabarovsk he had established a connection with KARPOV, whom he knew back in the Gorky Territory as a member of the anti‐Soviet organization of the right.
KARPOV, as LEGKONRAVOV testified, informed him about his antiSoviet connection with VAREIKIS and the Japanese consul in Khabarovsk SIMADO, through whom he transmitted espionage
information to Japanese intelligence.
In order to create the most favorable conditions for the subversive work of LEGKONRAVOV, in agreement with VAREIKIS, he promoted KARPOV to the post of head of the KraiZu and introduced him to the presidium of the regional executive committee.
In October 1937, in connection with the arrest of VAREIKIS and other participants in the anti‐Soviet conspiracy in the DCK, LEGKONRAVOV and KARPOV arose fears about the possibility of KARPOVʹs failure as well.
In this regard, and considering that KARPOV is lonely and not related to his family, the issue of his illegal transfer abroad was resolved.
LEGNONRAVOV testified that KARPOV, after crossing the border, had to transfer to Japanese intelligence the spy information about the DCK, which he and LEGKONRAVOV had collected. At the same time, KARPOV, behind the cordon, had to act as “an exposer of the allegedly aggressive policy of the USSR in the Far East with his provocative fabrications and to sow slander about the Soviet Union. All this work KARPOV was supposed to carry out at the direction of the Japanese intelligence.
At the beginning of March 1937, at the direction of LEGKONRAVOV and in agreement with SIMADO, an attempt was made to cross the border, but it was unsuccessful, since he was detained by the border guard. However, with the help of LEGKONRAVOV, PAVLOV was released from custody, and his stay at the border was explained by the fact that he got lost while hunting.
LEGKONRAVOV testified that, on the instructions of SIMADO, he was supposed to attract active members of the anti‐Soviet organization from Kirov to the DCK, who were supposed to be the connecting core for the restoration and activation of the anti‐Soviet underground in the DCK and consolidation of ties with Japanese intelligence.
LEGKONRAVOV testified that, on the instructions of STOLYAR, he was supposed to attract active participants of the anti‐Soviet organization from the Kirov region to the DCK, who were supposed to be the organizing nucleus for the restoration and activation of the antiSoviet underground in the DCK and consolidation of ties with Japanese intelligence.
To this end, LEGKONRAVOV tried to drag into the DCK a member of the anti‐Soviet organization LOZOVSKY, on whom great hopes were pinned, since he had repeatedly been behind the cordon and, while working as a Soviet consul in China, had connections with anti‐Soviet circles abroad.
As LEGKONRAVOV showed, he tried to drag a member of the anti‐
Soviet organization BEZRUKOV to the DCK.
As LEGKONRAVOV shows, in Khabarovsk he took the path of expanding his anti‐Soviet ties. To this end, he selected and probed people who could be involved in the anti‐Soviet conspiracy. So, for example, he conducted the processing of RAZUMOV, the former head of the KraiFo, FAKTOROVICH, the deputy chairman of the regional plan, to involve them in an anti‐Soviet organization.
In terms of the development of subversive activities in the DCK, he planned to carry out sabotage activities in the area of agriculture.
6. SLIVKIN , b. pom. early Ch. Managed film industry. Interrogated:
POLYACHEK.
He showed that he took an active part in the counter‐revolutionary Trotskyist activities, and one of the serious underground organizations, with his leadership participation, was created at the Mosfilm cinema.
As SLIVKIN shows, the organization was directly led by
SOKOLOVSKAYA (YAKOVLEVʹs wife) and the director of the factory
* BABITSKY * [7].
SLIVKIN shows that the organization was connected in counterrevolutionary work with GAMARNIK and EIDEMAN. At the direction of GAMARNIK and EIDEMAN, the Trotskyist organization at the Mosfilm film factory, under the guise of Osoaviakhimʹs work, built a military‐type shooting gallery in 1935 to train the leaders of rebel detachments.
The structure of the formed command staff of the rebel detachments consisted of factory employees, mainly former officers, including ILYIN, FESYUK, LEBEDEV, RAKITSKY and PETRISHCHEV (set to be arrested) ** [8].
The direct training and selection of insurgent cadres were entrusted to a member of the Trotskyist organization ** KOVALSKY ** [9] (not arrested), who instructed the head of the factory fire department, a former RAKITSKY officer, and the head of the guard, a former officer LEBEDEV, to select for this purpose reliable persons.
KOVALSKY, reporting to SLIVKIN on the progress of the formation of rebel detachments, said that RAKITSKY and LEBEDEV met his hopes and recruited 45 people, that he personally, KOVALSKY, attracted the sound engineer ** SEMENOV ** [10] and ** SVERDLOV ** [ 11], pom. head of capital construction * KOPYLOVA * [12] and early. planning department SOKOLOV (set for arrest).
On the instructions of the Trotskyist organization, the arrested SLIVKIN together with a member of the organization ** DARNITSKY ** [13] (not arrested) on the initiative of GAMARNIK, who passed the appropriate instructions to SOKOLOVSKAYA, was engaged in the purchase of weapons for the purposes of the counter‐revolutionary organization, covering the purchase and concentration of weapons with production needs.
SLIVKIN shows that by the time of his arrest, at least 300 combat rifles, 4 machine guns, 20 revolvers, hand grenades and various edged weapons that were completely unnecessary for filming were concentrated in the factory warehouse. The pyrotechnic workshops also contained a large quantity of explosives in sizes that significantly exceeded the production needs of the factory for the purposes of the organization. The manager of the warehouse where the above weapons were kept was a member of the ** KALNIN ** organization [14] (under arrest).
Measures have been taken to confiscate military weapons.
7. Strauss A.G. ‐ b. deputy. Director of the Astronomical Institute of Moscow State University. Interrogated: DEMIN.
He testified that he was a member of the Latvian Trotskyist terrorist group, into which he was recruited by a former employee of the USSR trade mission in Hamburg PREED F.Kh. (arrested).
Strauss shows that he had maintained close ties with Predé since 1924, when Predé was already a Trotskyist. In subsequent years, PEDE continued to maintain contact with the Trotskyist underground and with Trotskyist exile, supplying, in particular, the exile with Trotskyist literature. Of the participants in the Trotskyist work of that period, who later became part of the Trotskyist terrorist group, STRAUS names LENTSMAN (arrested as a member of the Latvian nationalist counterrevolutionary organization).
In 1929‐1930. PREDE returned from one of his overseas business trips and conveyed to Strauss that TROTSKY had given a directive to intensify underground work, a coup dʹétat and the use of terror against comrade STALIN and other leaders of the party and government.
The Trotskyist terrorist group, according to the testimony of STRAUSS, in addition to PREED and him, STRAUSS, included: LENTSMAN, closely associated with RUDZUTAK (arrested), SKUDRA ‐ worked for PredE in ʺPlastmassobedinenieʺ, MELKEN J.P. ‐ authorized the NKVD in Pavlovsky Posad of the Gorky railway, LINDE V., the plenipotentiary of the USSR in Denmark, and his wife LINDE V., KLEKIS August and working on the periphery of REKSTIN Robert (Crimea), BAUZE (Leningrad), SMIRNOV‐DEYCHMAN (Leningrad ) and AKIT R.K., who was one of the active members of the organization. * All these persons are being checked for arrest. * [15]
According to the testimony of STRAUSS, a member of the SKUDRA organization played an active role in the preparation of terrorist acts.
The indications are primary.
8. DAVTYAN Y.Kh. , B. plenipotentiary of the USSR in Poland. Interrogated by RUBINSTEIN.
He gave additional testimony that in 1937 in Paris the representative of the Transcaucasian Federation of Pirums Simon connected him with a large oilman ‐ an English citizen GULBENKYAN, who agreed with DAVTYAN to work together under the leadership of the British for the separation of Armenia from the USSR.
DAVTYAN in Moscow informed TER‐GABRIELYAN about this agreement, who by this time, as DAVTYAN shows, was already working according to the directives of the British.
DAVTYAN, while in Persia, conducted practical counter‐revolutionary nationalist work, having connections with MESTRON (a representative of the clergy, an English intelligence officer) and the British consulate.
Among the leaders of the counter‐revolutionary nationalist work in the
USSR, DAVTYAN named: KHANJYAN (died), NAZARETIAN, **
PARYAN ** [16] and KHALATOV.
For the 5th DEPARTMENT
1. PERCON ‐ b. deputy. early 10th department of the RKKA Intelligence Agency. Interrogated by YAMNITSKII, PAVLOVSKY.
He showed that after the trial of the parallel Trotskyist center PYATAKOV and others, on the instructions of the leadership of the ʺmilitaryʺ of the Latvian spy‐fascist organization BERZINA PERCON, began organizing a terrorist group to commit a terrorist act against Comrade STALIN, MOLOTOV, EZHOV, VOROSHILOV.
The terrorist group consisted of PERKON, LOZOVSKY (head of the 10th department of the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army),
KLEPPER (former employee of the Intelligence Agency), BERZIN (employee of the Butyrka prison), his sister BERZINA (former employee of the Intelligence Directorate), POLIS Alvina (employee of the Central Committee, came from Latvia ) and STURRIT (employee of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Education) * [17].
At the beginning of 1937, a meeting was held at Klepperʹs apartment by a terrorist organization consisting of PERKON, LOZOVSKY, KLEPPER, BERZIN, BERZINA, at which it was decided to carry out the terrorist act in three ways:
1. Through * POLIS Alvina * [18], as an employee of the Central Committee, establish contact with Latvians working in the Kremlin near the leader and party leaders, through them to poison food with poisons. For this purpose, PERKONOM prepared potent poisons (these poisons were found during a search in PERCONʹs office).
2. Shoot the cars of com. STALIN, MOLOTOV, EZHOV and
VOROSHILOV. For this purpose, special surveillance was established at the Borovitsky Gate of the Kremlin and along the entire route of Arbat Square and Arbat Street. Moreover, the direct performers PERKON and KLEPPER were on duty at the restaurant ʺPragueʺ on Arbat Square.
STURRIT, BERZIN Jan and BERZINA observed the route and studied the cars.
3. The terrorist act was supposed to be committed by the same terrorists at celebrations, in the theater, on Red Square and during the performance of the leader and party leaders in front of voters in Moscow. For the terrorists to enter these places, facsimiles of comrade VOROSHILOVʹs signature were specially prepared in order to obtain passes and free passage to the indicated places (these facsimiles were seized during a search from the arrested PERKON).
The terrorist organization specially prepared foreign passports with entry and exit visas and counterfeit dollars to escape after committing terrorist acts (during a search at PERCON, two Canadian passports were found for him and his wife, and 600 American counterfeit dollars).
2. BERZIN ‐ b. early RU RKKA. Interrogated by YAMNITSKY, KAZAKEVICH.
He additionally showed that during his stay in 1936‐1937. in Spain, as the chief adviser to the republican command, he continued to carry out espionage communications with German intelligence. In February 1937, through the German intelligence agent BUSH, who appeared to him in Valencia, he gave the Germans detailed information about the republican army, the state of technology and assistance to the USSR.
In March 1937, through the same BUSH in Valencia, he gave the Germans detailed information about the state of the Northern Front, as well as the plans of the command of the Republican Basque and Asturian fronts.
BERZIN informed the Germans about the planned strike of the Basques on Gipuzco‐San Sebastian and the Asturians on Oviedo with the aim of further developing the strike on Leon. As a result, the rebels (the troops of General MOLA), aware of the plans and forces of the Republicans, launched an offensive on Gipuzco in April before the Basques prepared a strike, which was the beginning of the defeat of the Northern Front.
3. OAK ‐ b. com. troops of the KhVO. Interrogated: NIKOLAEV, YAMNITSKII.
He showed that on August 31, 1919, he killed SHHORS. Dubovoy commanded the 1st Ukrainian army, which included the SHORS division. Then the 1st Ukrainian Army was folded into the 44th division, the commander of which was SHHORS, and DUBOVA was his deputy. The transition to subordination to SHORSU extremely embittered OAK. The anger against SHHORS was intensified by the fact that SHHORS was demanding, a desire to introduce strict discipline in units and fought against the line of OAK.
At the same time, DUBOVO made a firm decision to kill Shchors in order to take his place, which he did, after the assassination was appointed to the post of chief of the 44th division.
During the battle with the Galicians near the village of Beloshitsa, SHCHORS was in the front line, a few steps ahead of OAK, under machine‐gun fire. Taking advantage of the moment when Shchors turned his face to the rear, OAKOVY shot him point‐blank with a revolver and hit him in the temple.
DUBOVY knew that some of the soldiers and commanders had suspicions that SHCHORS had been killed by him, but no one had any evidence, and DUBOVY managed to hide his crime.
Yakir took advantage of the assassination of Shchors in 1933, recruiting OAK in the conspiracy.
Yakir showed DUBOVO the two statements he had from the Red Army men of the 44th division, received recognition from DUBOVO and in turn told him that KOTOVSKY ʺwe also removed, but not so cleverly.ʺ To DUBOVOʹs question about the details of the murder, Yakir evaded answering, saying only that PRIMAKOV, GOLUBENKO, GARKAVY, TUROVSKY and others were hostile to KOTOVSKY, except YAKIR.
Yakir incited antagonism between KOTOVSKY and PRIMAKOV, patronizing the latter. It is characteristic, in particular, that in recent years Yakir has raised the issue of appointing PRIMAKOV deputy. com. troops of the KVO on cavalry.
Yakir was hostile to the KOTOVSKY family, demonstratively did not take part in its fate and took measures so that no help was provided to Kotovskyʹs wife and children. He always tried to keep silent, to smear the merits of KOTOVSKY in the civil war.
4. CARGOUP ‐ b. worker of the RU RKKA. Interrogated NIKONOV.
Additionally, he named the participants in the spy‐fascist‐Latvian organization, with whom he was personally associated:
1. * POHVALSKY * [19] ‐ adviser to the Soviet embassy in Riga, is a resident of BERZIN on the affairs of a fascist organization, is associated with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Latvia MUNTERS; 2. * FREYMAN‐KRAUSE * [20] ‐ works in Riga under the leadership of POHVALSKY; 3. * KAPRAL * [21] Pyotr Ilyich ‐ assistant to the captain of the motor ship ʺGeorgiaʺ; 4. * FREYMAN * [22] ‐ Art. lieutenant of state security, specially authorized at the beginning. UNKVD in Tashkent; 5. * KANTSEN * [23] ‐ inspector of the Main Directorate of Geodesy and Survey of the NKVD, at the disposal of the RKKA RU ** [24].
In addition, GRUZDUP named the members of the fascist organization working in civilian institutions:
1. SEISUM ‐ diplomatic courier of the NKID; 2. DUMPIS ‐ engineer, works in the geological prospecting department of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Tyazhprom; 3. KLYAVA ‐ secretary deputy. Peopleʹs Commissar for Foreign Affairs STOMONYAKOV; 4. PERLE ‐ artist of the Latvian drama theater in Moscow; 5. ASHAK ‐ deputy. Commissar of social services. support of the Byelorussian SSR; 6. BREDIS ‐ early. foreign department of the Glavlit of the RSFSR.
GRUZDUP said that he had known since 1931 about the existence of a bloc of fascist organizations in Moscow: the Latvian‐EstonianLithuanian (bloc of the Baltic fascist states). On the instructions of BERZIN, he was associated with a member of the center of the Estonian fascist organization in Moscow * TIKOM * [25] ‐ colonel, early. branches of the 1st department of the RU RKKA.
* GRUZDUP * [26] was personally connected with members of the Estonian fascist organization ‐ colonel * RIMM * [27] ‐ early. branches of the 2nd department of the RU RKKA; Colonel RIMMAʹs wife ‐ pom. head library of RU RKKA; KYASPERT ‐ worked in the organs of the GPU until 1924; BENIKAS ‐ b. head department in Intourist. ** [28]
In addition, GRUZDUP showed that a group of intelligence officers headed by BERZIN served the intelligence services of the capitalist countries: the Baltic states, Poland, Germany, France and Japan.
5. VITOLIN ‐ b. resident of the RU RKKA. Interrogated: MALYSHEV, KRIVOSHEEV.
He additionally testified that on behalf of YUSTA (an employee of the German intelligence service), upon arrival in the USSR from Vienna, he contacted the resident of German intelligence in the USSR ERIKSON and received from him spies for personal communication: 1. * LITVINSKY * [29] ‐ b. officer of the Intelligence Agency, now a teacher at the Academy. Frunze, Colonel; 2. * RATOVA * [30] ‐ now an employee of the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army, captain; 3. * KHMELEV * or * KHMELEVSKY * [31] ‐ b. an employee of the command department of the headquarters of the Red Army, now works at the headquarters of the Moscow Military District ** [32].
From these persons VITOLIN received spy materials and passed them on to ERIKSON.
In 1934, ERIKSON, with the help of VITOLIN, recruited early. Department of the Intelligence Directorate of the RKKA DAVYDOV. Then VITOLIN recruited KILOCHITSKY for espionage work ‐ b. an employee of the Intelligence Agency, who until recently worked in the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Heavy Industry.
Photographing of spy documents was carried out in Kilochitskyʹs apartment.
YUST from German intelligence through VITOLINA transmitted disinformation materials to the Intelligence Agency.
VITOLIN issued to YUST the entire network of residencies of which he was a resident: in France, Germany, Austria. Part of the network was recruited by the Germans, and part of it was arrested.
In 1937, upon his arrival from Germany to the USSR, VITOLIN, using the password of YUSTA, was contacted for espionage work by an officer of the Intelligence Agency * VIR * [33], with whom he was connected until the day of his arrest.
VITOLIN also showed that he was simultaneously a member of the Latvian fascist organization, into which he was recruited in 1933 by BERZIN (former head of the Intelligence Agency) and * BERKOVSKY * [34] Fritz ‐ b. employee of the publishing house ʺPrometheusʺ.
6. Rhea ‐ b. deputy. early 8th department of the Intelligence Agency of the Red Army. Interrogated: LEBEDEV, YAKUNIN.
He confessed that he was a member of the fascist‐espionage Latvian nationalist organization since 1935, to which he was recruited by PERKON, the head of the 10th department of the RKKA Intelligence Directorate, brigade commissar.
At the same time, he showed that he, Rhea, is a spy of the Latvian intelligence. He passed on espionage materials to the Latvian intelligence service through PERCONA.
Of the persons who are members of the fascist‐espionage organization, Rhea named: 1. BERZIN Jan Karlovich ‐ b. Chief of the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army; 2. PERKONA ‐ head of the 10th department of the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army, brigade commissar; 3. GRUZDUPA ‐ chief of the Main Inspectorate of Glavlit, regimental commissar; 4. KASVAND Eduard ‐ head of the point of the Intelligence Agency school, colonel; 5. STIGGA OA ‐ head of the 1st department of the Intelligence Agency, division commander; 6. OZOLINA ‐ head of the encryption department, regimental commissar; 7. LOZOVSKY (brother of PERKON) ‐ is on a business trip along the line of the Intelligence Agency behind the cordon.
7. KIDAYSH ‐ b. early department of the Intelligence Agency of the Red Army. Interrogated: PETUSHKOV, LUKIN.
In addition, he showed his participation in an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy, into which he was recruited by b. Head of the Intelligence
Department of the Red Army SHTEINBRYUK.
Until 1925, KIDAYSH conducted open Trotskyist work at the Military Academy. Frunze and at the enterprises of the Khamovnichesky region, and then, announcing his ʺdepartureʺ from TROTSKY, began to carry out illegal Trotskyist work.
From 1924 until the day of his arrest for Trotskyist illegal anti‐Soviet activities, he was associated with BELA KUN (an employee of the Comintern). On the instructions of BELA, KUHN carried out a great deal of work on the disintegration of the Hungarian communists associated with the club of political emigrants in Moscow, cultivating them in the Trotskyist direction. In 1929, BELA KUN, in order to obtain legal opportunities for gatherings and rallying of anti‐Soviet Trotskyist elements, received permission from BUBNOV (former head of the Red Army PU) to create a section of the ʺfellowship of internationalists participating in the civil warʺ at the CDKA. In the bureau of the association BELA KUN, the most loyal to him and active Trotskyists were allocated: * GABRO * [35] (in 1936 he commanded the 32nd Pacific Division), * MUNIKH * [36] (worked in Grozneft), * SHUGAR * [37 ] Bundy (worked at MOGES), * MUELLER * [38] Erne (worked as a secretary of the club of political emigrants),
On the instructions of BELA KUN, the Bureau of the Compatriots carried out an enormous amount of work to demoralize the Hungarian communists and to shape them in an anti‐Soviet Trotskyist spirit.
As active Trotskyists and loyal to BELA KUN, KIDAYSH also named: 1. MATE ZALKA (writer); 2. NAD Imre (until 1935 he worked as a researcher at the International Agrarian Institute).
8. ZILENBERG ‐ b. pom. early branches of the 3rd department of the UMC RKKA. Interrogated the PETROVS.
He testified that he was recruited for espionage activities in 1921 by a Latvian intelligence officer ‐ an employee of the Latvian embassy in
Moscow ‐ through his sister ZILENBERG, b. an employee of the Latvian mission in Moscow (located in Latvia).
In 1922, ZILENBERG transmitted espionage information through an employee of the Latvian embassy (I do not remember her last name). Subsequently, communication was carried out from 1923 to 1928 through Andrei Frantsevich PETERSON, head of the Latvian club. From 1929 to 1937 through YURTSEN Elizaveta Frantsevna, an employee of the Latvian club.
ZILENBERG named E.F., who is associated with espionage activities with YURTSEN. GUSLYAROV, artist of the theater. Stanislavsky.
ZILENBERG at the same time showed that since 1929 he has been a member of the Latvian nationalist organization, having been recruited into it by JURCEN.
Of the members of the organization known to him, ZILENBERG named a number of employees of the Latvian club and others.
9. Belov I.P . ‐ ex. teams. Byelorussian Military District. Interrogated by
YAMNITSKY and KAZAKEVICH.
He additionally showed that the military Socialist‐Revolutionary organization had rebel groups in a number of districts, including: in the ZABVO, where the rebel organization was created by the former commander of the district GRYAZNOV (arrested) and the former secretary of the regional committee RAZUMOV (arrested). The members of this organization were Socialist‐Revolutionaries, rightists, an anti‐Soviet element from the Cossacks and settlers.
The direct leadership of the insurgent groups was carried out by * MESHKOV ‐ the commander of the 93rd rifle division * [41] (not arrested), recruited by GRYAZNOV into the military SocialistRevolutionary organization. MESHKOV coordinated this entire group with RAZUMOV, entering the ʺunited insurgent headquarters of Transbaikalia.ʺ
In addition, BELOV shows that a member of the military‐SocialistRevolutionary Ukrainian nationalist organization of ʺBorotbistsʺ ‐ corps commander KOPULOVSKY (arrested), associated with him, was a member of the ʺmilitary headquartersʺ of Ukrainian nationalists.
The main role in the creation of broad insurgent organizations in Ukraine was played by nationalists who created central, regional and district ʺinsurgent headquartersʺ, leading detachments from the former. Petliurists, bandits and nationalists.
At the head of the rebel regional organizations were the commanders of the Red Army, nationalists, of whom BELOV calls MISHUK in the Vinnitsa region, in the Dnepropetrovsk ZUBKA and in the Kiev BORISENKO (arrested), the rebel cavalry was to be led by the corps commander KRIVORUCHKO (arrested).
The military rebel leadership of the nationalists was associated with the former. Chairman of the Council of Peopleʹs Commissars of the Ukrainian SSR LYUBCHENKO and Chairman of the Central Council of Osoviahim of the Ukrainian SSR BOGDANOV (convicted). The ʺCommander‐in‐Chiefʺ of the entire rebel army in Ukraine was the former commander of the KhVO OAKOVA (arrested).
The rebels were supposed to seize weapons from the warehouses of the militia, military registration and enlistment offices, Osoviakhim, the warehouses of the Red Army, where there were members of the nationalist organization.
Through KOPULOVSKY and the Social Revolutionaries PERFILYEV (arrested) ‐ the prosecutor of the KVO, and SABLIN ‐ the former. head of the Letychiv fortified area, a nationalist military insurrectionary organization was associated with the military SR center.
The same work on the creation of rebel organizations was carried out by the Social Revolutionaries and nationalists in the Caucasus and Central Asia.
10. SMAGIN ‐ ex. early Department of Foreign Relations of the Peopleʹs
Commissariat of Defense. Interrogated: Kascheev.
Additionally, he testified that in 1936 he was recruited into an antiSoviet military conspiracy by the former. Head of the Department of Military History of the Academy. Frunze by brigade commander EVSEEV (former officer, arrested).
EVSEEV suggested that SMAGIN, as a former member of the partisan movement in the Far East (chief of staff of a large partisan detachment), recruit new participants in the conspiracy from the former partisans expelled from the CPSU (b), formerly. Socialist‐Revolutionaries, ex. anarchists and people from other parties, to acquire weapons, to study the technique of explosions, to study areas in which guerrilla actions can be organized.
Of the participants in the conspiracy at the Frunze Academy, SMAGIN named the following persons: brigade commander ERMOLIN ‐ head of the department of service of the General Staff (arrested); brigade commander GOLIKOVA ‐ head of the cavalry department
(arrested); brigade commander PANOVA ‐ teacher of the department of military organization (arrested) ...
... In terms of counter‐revolutionary work, EShBA was associated with Pyatakov, through whom he received TROTSKYʹs directives. Having received a directive on terror from SEREBRYAKOV and MDIVANI, ESHBA was preparing a terrorist act against Comrade. STALIN.
EShBA also testified that he was a member of an underground center for organizing uprisings against Soviet power in Chechnya, Dagestan and Abkhazia.
For the 5th DEPARTMENT
1. pocus YA.Z . ‐ b. pom. commander of the OKDVA troops, division commander. Interrogated by: LORKISH, ELS, KUZMENKO.
He also testified that after the arrest of the leaders of the conspiracy in Moscow TUKHACHEVSKY, YAKIR and other organizations of the anti‐Soviet conspiracy in the Far East did not stop his anti‐Soviet activities.
In August 1937, POCUS received instructions from the leaders of the anti‐Soviet organization in the Far East to strengthen the work * [42].
The organization set as its goal the separation of the Soviet Far East from the USSR and the creation of an independent republic under the protectorate of Japan.
POKUS showed that the conspirators had an agreement with the Japanese General Staff that in the event of the outbreak of war, the organization would raise an uprising, create a partisan army. This army should attack the main rear of the OKDVA and destroy them, thus making it easier for the Japanese to win.
The cadres of the partisan army were to be formed from former partisans in the Far East and from among the ʺoffendedʺ commanders. To provoke discontent among collective farmers and to facilitate recruitment by the center of the organization of the right in the DCK, sabotage instructions were given.
To identify cadres of former partisans who remained in the Far East, a member of the organization, a former editor of the collection of partisan stories * SHURYGIN * [43] collected the addresses of the partisans and probed their moods.
In accordance with the existing plan, after the overthrow of Soviet power, it was intended to create a republic within the former FER, and for this assistance Japan was to receive Sakhalin, Kamchatka and part of Primorye up to the Iman River.
If successful, the rebel army was to act together with the Japanese against the Red Army. The commander of the rebel army was scheduled by agreement with the Japanese, he ‐ POKUS.
2. Kravchenko M.R. ‐ b. head of the personnel department of the
Political Administration of the Red Army. Interrogated: BRENER,
GOLDFARB.
Kravchenko, who had previously confessed to participating in an antiSoviet military conspiracy, additionally testified that, being the head of the political department of the 7th Cav. divisions in the BVO, on the instructions of a participant in the conspiracy BULIN (arrested) in the spring of 1937 recruited into an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy: NIKOLAEV, the commander of the 7th cavalry artillery regiment, and KRASNIKOV, instructor of the political department of the 7th cavalry division. division, career Trotskyist (both were not arrested) * [44].
NIKOLAEV and KRASNIKOV KRAVCHENKO gave assignments: to recruit new persons from the command and political staff into the conspiracy and to carry out subversive work in all types of combat training. In order to preserve the participants in the conspiracy and cover up the sabotage work they are carrying out in units of the 7th Cavalry Division, KRAVCHENKO instructed KRASNIKOV to
investigate the acts of sabotage that had already been uncovered in the units. As a result of the investigations carried out by KRASNIKOV, no specific perpetrators of damage to the material part and products intended for cooking in the 7th mechanized regiment, as well as in a separate sapper squadron of the division, were identified.
In addition, KRAVCHENKO testified that, by conspiratorial activity, he was associated with a conspiracy participant, the former deputy head of the Political Directorate of the BVO PISMANIK (arrested), whom he systematically informed about the subversive work he was carrying out.
The interrogation continues.
3. REDFISH P.H., b. Inspector of the 3rd department of the AMU RKKA, quartermaster of the 1st rank. Interrogated: SOLOVIEV.
He confessed that he was a participant in an anti‐Soviet military‐fascist conspiracy, into which he was recruited in 1935 by a member of the conspiracy, the former deputy head of the Administrative‐Mobilization Directorate of the Red Army SIMONOV (arrested).
In the process of meetings of RYZHIKH with SIMONOV and conversations with anti‐Soviet content, SIMONOV told RYZHIKH in 1935 that there is an anti‐Soviet military organization in the Red Army headed by prominent military workers, which aims to overthrow Soviet power and establish a military dictatorship in the country, that he, SIMONOV, is a participant this organization, and invited RYZHIKH to join the organization. Subsequently, SIMONOV told RYZHIKH that the leadership of the anti‐Soviet military organization was preparing terrorist acts.
[1] On the first sheet there is a handwritten note: “ T. Malenkov. I ask you to take into account the testimonies of those arrested below and take measures to cleanse the relevant organizations from evil spirits. I. Stalin ʺʺ PS . We must immediately find a replacement for Popok (Volga Germans) and then recall him to Moscow and arrest him. I. Art. ʺ.
[2] * ‐ * There is Stalinʹs mark: “ Where are they? ʺ
[3] * ‐ * Surname is circled.
[4] * ‐ * Surname is circled.
[5] * ‐ * Surname is circled.
[6] * ‐ * Underlined in pencil and in the margin of Stalinʹs litter:
ʺ Important .ʺ
[7] * ‐ * There is a label from Stalin: “ Important. Art ʺ.
[8] ** Stalinʹs litter: “ arrest everyone ”.
[9] ** ‐ ** Stalinʹs litter: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[10] ** ‐ ** Stalinʹs litter: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[11] ** ‐ ** Stalinʹs litter: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[12] * ‐ * There is Stalinʹs mark: “ Important. Art ʺ.
[13] ** ‐ ** Stalinʹs litter: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[14] ** ‐ ** Stalinʹs litter: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[15] * ‐ * There is a label from Stalin: ʺ Not to check, but to arrest you need to .ʺ
[16] ** ‐ ** Surname is circled.
[17] * On the margins there is Stalinʹs mark: ʺ Arrest everyone.ʺ
[18] * ‐ * The name is circled.
[19] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[20] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[21] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ. [22] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[23] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[24] ** All surnames are circled, there is a label: ʺ Arrest everyone .ʺ
[25] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ. [26] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[27] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[28] ** All surnames are circled, there is a label: ʺ Arrest everyone .ʺ
[29] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ. [30] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[31] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[32] ** All surnames are circled, there is a label: ʺ Arrest everyone .ʺ
[33] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ. [34] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[35] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[36] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[37] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ. [38] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[39] * ‐ * There is a label of Stalin: ʺ Ar‐t ʺ.
[40] ** There is a label: “ Arrest everyone ”.
[41] * ‐ * Circled.
[42] * In the fields of Stalinʹs litter: “ From whom exactly? ʺ
[43] * ‐ * The surname is circled. In the margins Stalinʹs note: “ Where is he? ʺ
[44] * In the margins Stalinʹs note: “ Why? ʺ