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To Stalin Top Secret Summaries Of The most important testimonies Of Those arrested 1937‐ 1938A summary of the most important testimonies of those arrested by the directorates of the NKVD of the USSR for March 13, 1938
Archive: AP RF. F. 3. Op. 24. D. 406. L. 10‐32
March 16, 1938
SECRETARY of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) comrade STALIN
I am sending you a summary of the most important testimonies of those arrested by the Directorates of the NKVD of the USSR for March 13, 1938.
Peopleʹs Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR Peopleʹs Commissar for
State Security (EZHOV)
Top secret
For the 3rd DEPARTMENT
1. POBEREZHSKY II, former director of the aircraft engine plant No. 19. Interrogated by: GRUZDEV, KUZNETSOV.
He testified that he was one of the organizers and leaders of the Trotskyite sabotage and sabotage and espionage organization that existed in the aviation industry.
POBEREZHSKY indicated that he came from a bourgeois Jewish family. In 1916 he joined the Jewish bourgeois‐nationalist organization Poalei Zion, in whose ranks he was until 1920, occupying a leading position in Poalei Zion in its Ukrainian organization.
In 1920, POBEREZHSKY, according to him, from anti‐Soviet careerist motives joined the CP (b) U and at the end of 1920 joined the ʺworkersʹ oppositionʺ and waged an active struggle against the party and the Soviet government.
In 1924‐28, while studying at the Air Force Academy, Poberezhsky created and led an illegal Trotskyist organization, which launched
active anti‐Soviet work at the academy.
In 1929, while working in the aviation industry, together with G.N. Korolev. (arrested), MARGOLIN (convicted), MARYAMOV (arrested) created an illegal Trotskyist sabotage and sabotage organization of Trotskyists, right‐wing and anti‐Soviet specialists.
POBEREZHSKY testified that this illegal anti‐Soviet organization in the aviation industry had its center consisting of him, POBEREZHKY, G.N.
KOROLEV, A.N. TUPOLEV, MARGOLIN, MIROSHNIKOV,
MARYAMOV, PISMENNY and KHAYDAKOV, who, in his anti‐Soviet work, maintained contact with an illegal anti‐Soviet organization that existed in the UVVS, this contact was carried out through ALKSNIS and BAZENKOV (arrested).
In his testimony, POBEREZHSKY indicated that the anti‐Soviet organization in the aviation industry had an extensive network of its illegal cells.
For 18 defense industry plants, POBEREZHSKY named 51 members of the organization from among the leading technical personnel of these plants (40 of them were arrested).
The anti‐Soviet organization sought the collapse of the aviation industry and the defeat of Soviet power in the coming war.
To this end, the anti‐Soviet organization in the aviation industry widely deployed subversive sabotage work, which was carried out along the lines: disruption of the serial production of aircraft and the release of low‐quality defective aircraft, disruption of development and delay in the development of new powerful aircraft engines, disruption of new capital construction and the development of newly built aircraft plants , sabotage in the introduction of foreign technical assistance, confusion of planning and supply of aircraft factories, disrupting the full use of the available capacities of aircraft factories.
2. MACROZNI, the former head of the Greek sector of KUNMZ [1] . Interrogated: GORDEEV.
He confessed that he had been an agent of the British and Greek intelligence services since 1921, and was recruited in Novorossiysk by the resident KAPSHEV. At the same time, MACROZNI joined the Greek nationalist organization and was one of the leaders of this organization.
In his testimony, MACROZNI named a number of party and Soviet workers ‐ ZARODOV, KACHALOV, ZAGRAFUS, LEO and
CANONIDI, working in the Greek regions of the Krasnodar Territory, who were recruited by him and Kapshev for espionage and contractorsʹ nationalist work.
MACROZNI himself planted several spy nets in Novorossiysk, Moscow, Krasnodar, Donbass and other points with which he met on the day of his arrest.
He passed on espionage materials for the British and Greek intelligence services through Kapsheva.
The indications are primary.
3. SHCHEGOLEV NM, former director of the Glukhovsky Combine of the USSR Peopleʹs Commissariat for Legal Industry. Interrogated: ARGIR.
He showed that he is an active participant in the organization of the right, having been recruited into this organization in early 1936 by the former deputy. Peopleʹs Commissar of Light Industry EREMIN.
In terms of anti‐Soviet work, SHCHEGOLEV was directly associated with the organization of the right in the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Legislation ‐ LYUBIMOV, YEREMIN and KOROTKOV.
At the beginning of 1937, SHCHEGOLEV was appointed director of the Glukhovsky Combine with a special assignment received from LYUBIMOV to destroy the work of this Combine as having defense significance. SHCHEGOLEV fulfilled this task and as a result of his subversive work the plant fulfilled the production plan only by 60%.
SHCHEGOLEV were involved in the anti‐Soviet organization of rightwing workers of the plant ANTONOV and SILICHEV (arrested). Previously the deputy manager for the cotton head office, SHCHEGOLEV thwarted the work of automating [2] weaving looms at the factories of this head office.
4. BRONSHTEIN LS, former head of the foreign bureau of the Executive Committee of the Red Cross and the Crescent Interrogated by: BEREZOVSKY, KHROMESHKIN.
He confessed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet Trotskyite organization that existed in the Red Cross system. He was involved in this organization in 1933 by the former chairman of the executive committee of the ʺRed Crossʺ MAYOROVA (not arrested). Bronstein was active in anti‐Soviet activities.
He took part in the creation of a scientific research institute engaged in the collection and reproduction of bacteria for sabotage and terrorist purposes, and conducted anti‐Soviet agitation.
In 1934, he was recruited for espionage work in favor of French intelligence by a representative of the international league of the Red Cross VERLINIM, to whom he passed on espionage information: on the training of medical personnel, information on plans for the deployment of medical and sanitary institutions during the war, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of medical aviation.
In 1934, through a member of the same anti‐Soviet organization, NAIDA (arrested) established contact with the English intelligence officer GILGUD, to whom he gave espionage information about the Red Crossʹs mobilization reserves and the places of their storage, about the availability of medical trains in case of war.
BRONSHTEIN named 7 members of the organization, 4 of them were arrested.
5. NON‐REMEMBERING LL , former trade representative of the USSR in Germany. Interrogated: BEREZOVSKY.
He confessed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet Trotskyite organization that existed in the system of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for
Foreign Trade, in which ROSENGOLTS was involved.
On the instructions of ROSENGOLTS, he financed TROTSKY. In this regard, NEMOMINYCHI showed that at the beginning of 1935, being appointed trade representative to SWEDEN, the former trade representative of KANDELAKI put him in touch with the director of the Sandviken steel company MAGNUS and said that there was an agreement with MAGNUS to deduct 1 1 / 2 % from TROTSKY the total cost of orders given to the Narkomvneshtorg to this firm.
These deductions, amounting to about 30‐40 thousand Swedish kronor a year, were transferred by MAGNUS to Berlin in the name of a relative of TROTSKY ‐ a certain ZHIVOTOVSKY.
In 1936, NEPOMINYES received the task directly from ROSENGOLTS to provide further funding for TROTSKY.
The Narkomvneshtorg through Soyuzmet import issued orders to Sandviken for steel products totaling about SEK 2 million. NEMPOMINISCHY contacted the director of the company MAGNUS and obtained an agreement to deduct 2% of the total value of the orders for Trotsky. The deductions in favor of TROTSKY under this transaction amounted to over 30,000 Swedish kronor, which were transferred to TROTSKY through the VALENBERG bank in Berlin.
At the direction of NEMOMETNYE, the director of the Oil Syndicate WAGNER (arrested), involved in the Pravotrotskyist organization, financed Trotsky at the expense of the created fund received from savings in the payment of customs duties, WAGNER personally transferred TROTSKY twenty thousand Swedish crowns through Wallenbergʹs bank.
In 1936 the UNREMEMBER with a sabotage purpose carried out lending with oil products to insolvent Swedish companies. As a result, in 1936 the debt of these firms reached 60,000 SEK, which was subsequently written off as bad debt.
As a trade representative in Germany, UNREMEMBERED for sabotage purposes supplied Germany with strategic raw materials (manganese, flax, oil products and timber). As a result, 90% of the strategic raw materials for a total amount of about 46 million marks were sold out of the general export plan to Germany in 1937 of 50 million marks.
For the same sabotage purposes, he disrupted the export of minor exports to Germany (carpets, tobacco, chemicals).
NEMPOMINYNYI named 5 members of the Pravotrotskyist organization (all were arrested).
6. MELIKYAN Vaga Tomasovich, citizen of the USSR, former emigrant, transferred to the USSR by French intelligence, before his arrest, a representative of the French firm Schlumbezhe [3] at the Moscow office of geophysical prospecting Glavneft. Interrogated by BEREZOVSKY and SHCHERBAKOV.
He confessed that since 1929 he has been a resident of the French intelligence service.
MELIKYAN further testified that the Schlumberger firm was one of the covers and channels of French espionage in the USSR and that the owner of the Schlumberger firm was an officer of the intelligence service of the General Staff.
On the instructions of SCHLUMBERGER MELIKYAN, he planted an espionage and sabotage network in the Soviet oil industry, which, in the event of complications in political relations between France and the USSR, was to carry out sabotage and sabotage acts in the oil fields.
In addition, MELIKYAN, through his espionage network, directly collected espionage materials and transmitted information to the French intelligence service about the situation in the USSR and, in particular, about oil geological prospecting and commercial exploitation of oil fields.
MELIKYAN named 4 spies recruited by him (not arrested). In addition, he named a number of other French intelligence officers engaged in espionage in the Soviet Union, and their spy network known to him in the amount of 10 people (not arrested), who are Soviet specialists and work in the oil industry and at aircraft factories. For the spy materials he received, MELIKYAN paid remuneration in currency and Soviet signs.
7. CHAIKIN KM, before his arrest worked as a teacher of the Persian language at the Institute of Oriental Studies. Interrogated: SHAPKIN.
He testified that he was recruited by the British intelligence officer MOLKE in 1921 while working at the Soviet embassy in Persia.
On assignments, MOLKE CHAIKIN informed him about the work of the Soviet embassy, reported information about the work of the ʺCouncil of Action and Propaganda of the Eastʺ, in which CHAIKIN also worked. They were informed about the workers sent by the ʺCouncil of Action and Propaganda of the Eastʺ to Iran and Turkey.
CHAIKIN also admitted that during his work in Iran from 1921 to 1926 inclusive, he informed British intelligence about the directives of the Soviet government received by the embassy and trade mission in Iran, and about the negotiations that took place between the Iranian government and the Soviet embassy.
With the help of CHAIKIN, the former plenipotentiary envoy to Iran, SHUMYATSKY (arrested), and Osetrov, the former secretary of the plenipotentiary mission (arrested), contacted British intelligence.
8. DUBININ Mikhail Vasilyevich, in 1924 he was exiled for anti‐Soviet activity for 3 years, before his arrest he worked as a planner‐economist of the financial department of the Peopleʹs Commissariat of Communications. Interrogated: SOLOVIEV.
He showed that at the suggestion of PAVLOV‐MAKEEV, who worked as a technician‐calculator at the electric workshop NIIS Narkomsvyaz (arrested, confessed), he joined the anti‐Soviet Socialist‐Revolutionary terrorist organization in 1931, which, together with PAVLOVMAKEEV, prepared terrorist acts against the leaders of the All‐Union Communist Party (VKP) ( Of the Soviet government.
In addition to DUBININ, this organization included: GRATSIANSKY ‐ chief accountant of the postal property factory of the Narkomsvyaz (arrested, confessed), GRYAZNOV, expelled from the CPSU (b) for anti‐Soviet activities (arrested), and VASILIEV, who was serving exile at the same time with DUBININ (wanted).
For the 5th DEPARTMENT
1. SIMONOV BM , former commander of the
19th mechanized brigade. Interrogated: KASATKIN.
Gave initial testimony that he is a German spy.
In 1932, on the instructions of Uborevich, SIMONOV transferred spy materials about the artillery weapons of the Red Army to German intelligence through BERZIN (arrested).
At the end of 1932, while on a business trip in Germany, SIMONOV was recruited for espionage activities in favor of Germany by ZUSYAKOVENKO (arrested), through whom he transmitted spy materials about the artillery equipment of the Red Army until 1934.
In addition, SIMONOV testified that in 1935, through UBOREVICH, he transmitted spy information about the armament of the Red Army according to the General Staff for German intelligence.
While in Spain, Simonov, at the direction of BERZIN, transmitted espionage information about incoming weapons from the Soviet Union to German intelligence.
2. Kravchenko MR, former head of the personnel department of the PUR RKKA. Interrogated: BRENER, GOLDFARB.
Previously confessed to participating in an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy, he additionally testified that since July 1937, being the head of the personnel department of the PUR of the Red Army, on the instructions of BULIN (arrested) in order to preserve the placement of conspirators in the Red Army from exposure, he facilitated the transfer of the conspiracy participants to other districts:
1) TUTUNKINA from the BVO to the Political Administration of the
Red Army (arrested);
2) NOVIKOVA ‐ transferred from political work to a command position in the BVO (arrested);
3) YUNGA ‐ from the BVO appointed a member of the Military Council of the Siberian Military District (arrested);
4) GREBENNIK ‐ transferred from the BVO to ZabVO (arrested);
5) PISMANNIKA ‐ transferred from the BVO to Moscow (arrested);
6) PAVLOVA ‐ from PrivO in Siberian Military District (arrested).
Kravchenko testified that in order to keep Trotskyists, rightists, members of the Belarusian‐Tolmachev opposition and other similar anti‐Soviet people in the army, he deliberately hid incriminating materials as best he could until the day of his arrest.
Kravchenko also testified that for more than 2 months he delayed the distribution of the list compiled in the personnel department of the PUR RKKA to the Trotskyists in the RKKA. Only in December 1937, in connection with the discovery of this list, he, fearing to be exposed, sent the list to the Red Army units.
3. VORONINOV, a former employee of the KRO and INO OGPU, recently worked as an employee of the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army. Interrogated: KRIVOSHEEV.
He additionally showed that in 1923, having been recruited to work in favor of Japanese intelligence, he was transferred from Harbin to the USSR with the task of finding a job in the Red Army or the OGPU.
Before leaving for the USSR, VORONINOV was given an appearance to the resident of Japanese intelligence and a password. Upon arrival in the USSR in March 1923, VORONINOV came to the wife of BOGOMOLOV (the former plenipotentiary representative of the Far Eastern Republic in Moscow ‐ it is being established) with a letter of introduction from her sister, who lived in Harbin. Through one of the Chekists who were in Bogomolovaʹs apartment (whose last name he does not remember), VORONINOV met PROKOFIEV, who at that time was working as an assistant to the head of the Foreign Department of the OGPU. After visiting PROKOFIEVʹs apartment, VORONINOV through him met a former employee of the Information Department of the OGPU Alekseev (former Socialist‐Revolutionary, convicted). Upon learning that VORONINOV is a Socialist‐Revolutionary, ALEKSEEV promised him assistance in entering the OGPU.
After some time, VORONINOV was summoned to the OGPU by a former employee of the KRO TUNALO (arrested), with whom VORONINOV contacted on an assignment received in Harbin for joint anti‐Soviet activities. In November 1923, Voroninov, working in the OGPU, contacted a Korean, a representative of Japanese intelligence, using the password given to him. The Korean instructed him to work in the OGPU so as to be in good standing, stating that he, VORONINOV, was destined for a special role in the reserve network, which would only operate at the time of the war.
Until 1927, VORONINOV, as an intelligence agent, did not actively work. The Korean, with whom VORONINOV met periodically, later turned out to be an employee of the KRO OGPU ‐ KIM Roman
Nikolaevich (arrested).
In addition, VORONINOV testified that in 1923, having arrived in the USSR and contacted the SR KOSHKAREV, he learned from him that the SRs had gone deep underground and were accumulating forces to act against the Soviet regime at a time of complications for the Soviet Union. KOSHKAREV suggested not to keep in touch with him in the future, since ʺthe OGPU has its own Socialist‐Revolutionary groupʺ, and that he ʺwho needs itʺ will warn about him and ʺif necessary, VORONINOV will be contacted.ʺ
4. SHNITMAN AL, former USSR military attaché in
Czechoslovakia. Interrogated: Kascheev.
He additionally testified that in 1928 he was treated in an anti‐Soviet spirit by the then military attaché in Germany KORKOM (convicted).
Fulfilling the instructions of KORK, Schnittmann contacted the Reichswehr officers SHPALKE and the Hofmeister and through them clarified the relationship of the Reichswehr leadership to Tukhachevsky and to the ʺgroup of offended commanders of the Red Armyʺ, in particular to KORK himself.
In 1934, on behalf of BERZIN (arrested), SCHNITMAN probed through the German officers SHPALKE and KANZEL the Reichswehrʹs attitude to the plans of the anti‐Soviet military conspiracy that had taken shape by that time, headed by TUKHACHEVSKY.
In addition, SCHNITMAN testified that in 1933, from the German intelligence major YUSTA, he knew that LEVANDOVSKY, URITSKY, DUBOVA (all arrested) and PRIMAKOV (convicted), who were in Berlin studying at the General Staff Academy, were being processed to recruit them by the German intelligence, and one of them, LEVANDOVSKY, has already been recruited and has given a number of information on the Red Army.
5. GENNADIEV VP, former head of the Department of Shipbuilding of the UMS RKKA. Interrogated: POLISCHUK.
He confessed to his participation in an anti‐Soviet military‐fascist conspiracy, into which he was recruited in 1936 by the former head of the surface shipbuilding department of the UMS RKKF DMITRIEVSKY Valerian Stepanovich (arrested).
When recruiting, DMITRIEVSKY told him that prominent commanders of the Red Army were taking part in the conspiracy, in particular Namorsi ORLOV and the head of the shipbuilding department ALYAKRITSKY (both were arrested).
Subsequently, on the instructions of DMITRIEVSKY, GENNADIEV carried out sabotage in the field of light surface shipbuilding (leader, destroyers, minesweepers and torpedo boats).
6. SHEYDEMAN VG, former head of the tactics department of the Red Army Air Force Academy. Interrogated: KONSTANTINOV.
He gave initial testimony that since 1924 he has been a member of the officerʹs monarchist organization, in which he was involved by the former deputy cavalry inspector of the Red Army, colonel of the old army BUYEVSKY (arrested in 1926). At the same time, SHEYDEMAN was transferred to the communications of the former assistant inspector of the cavalry of the Red Army VERKHOVSKY (arrested), from whom he received assignments for the selection and recruitment of new people into the organization, for collecting information about the moods of the personnel of the 1st separate cavalry brigade stationed in Moscow, where at the time, SHEIDEMAN was chief of staff.
VERKHOVSKY connected SHEIDEMAN with a member of the organization and an agent of British intelligence KOVALEVSKY (arrested), to whom SHEIDEMAN passed on espionage materials.
In 1925, SHEYDEMAN personally recruited into the organization the former squadron commander of the 62nd cavalry regiment LINDA (arrested), the former squadron commander of the 63rd cavalry regiment Fedorov and the former chief of the AXO headquarters of the 1st cavalry regiment. the GLUSHENKOVA brigade, which were demobilized from the army in 1926.
SHEYDEMAN named from among the members of the organization grouped around Tukhachevsky:
1. CANDLE ‐ former professor of the Academy of the Red Army, former general (arrested);
2. A. I. Verkhovsky ‐ Former professor of the Red Army Academy, former colonel (not arrested);
3. MALEVSKY ‐ former assistant to the head of the department of tactics Motomekh Academy (arrested).
In 1926, SHEYDEMAN left for a new appointment in the
Transcaucasian Military District as chief of staff of the district, where he contacted a member of the officersʹ organization, the former commander of the 2nd separate Caucasian Cavalry Brigade TCHAIKOVSKY (arrested), together with whom he carried out antiSoviet work in the Transcaucasus.
7. KACHINSKY or ERLIKH V.G., a former student of the Timiryazev
Agricultural Academy. Interrogated by GRINBERG and SELEZNEV. Having confessed to participating in the Socialist‐Revolutionary
organization since 1930, he additionally testified that at the end of 1934 or at the beginning of 1935, KACHINSKY came to Moscow from Ukraine (one of the leaders of the Socialist‐Revolutionary organization, arrested), who, in a conversation with Erlich on conspiracy matters, told him that on his instructions, CHERNEVSKY and other SRs created an SR organization in the army, whose members are recruiting and subversive work in the Red Army.
A few days later, KACHINSKY convened a meeting of the Left Social Revolutionaries at CHERNEVSKY, which, in addition to CHERNEVSKY and KACHINSKY, was attended by members of the organization ERLIKH, TERLETSKY, SMOLYANSKY Grigory, KOTOV and LIPELIS (all arrested).
At this meeting, KACHINSKY spoke about the action program of the Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in the fight against Soviet power, raising the question of the need for terror as the most effective means of struggle.
At the same meeting, KACHINSKY invited the members of the organization to begin subversive work, each in his area. All those present agreed with the instructions of KACHINSKY.
KACHINSKY said that in Ukraine he established contact with the center of a nationalist organization, with which his anti‐Soviet work is now in contact, that in Ukraine in a number of cities and districts Left SR organizations have been created.
8. Zakharov AA, former deputy chief of the supply chain for the Red Army, quartermaster 2nd rank. Interrogated by ELISAVETSKIY and SILINTSEV.
He confessed that he was a participant in an anti‐Soviet conspiracy, into which he was recruited in 1935 by the former assistant to the head of the Red Army Directorate VANAG A.Ya. (arrested).
When recruiting into the conspiracy, Vanag told Zakharov that among the leaders of the conspiracy were ʺbigʺ people who set as their goal the overthrow of Soviet power.
According to Vanag Zakharov, the following participants in the conspiracy are known:
OSHLEY P.M. ‐ former assistant. military commander of the Moscow
Military District, Galkin HA ‐ former head of the Uprodsnab of the Red Army (both convicted). VANAG also said that RUDZUTAK, the former ex‐Council of Peopleʹs Commissars of the USSR, and BERZIN, the former head of the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army (both arrested), were involved in the conspiracy.
VANAG instructed Zakharov to carry out sabotage work in the Red
Armyʹs Uprodsnab, which he launched in the field of food supply.
For the 6th DEPARTMENT
1. SHAKHGILDYAN, former head of the road named after L.M. Kaganovich, formerly the secretary of the district committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks for the construction of the Berezniki chemical plant. Interrogated: KARAGANOV.
He confessed that he was one of the leaders of the Trotskyist terrorist sabotage organization in the Urals.
He testified that in 1929, during the period when he worked in the apparatus of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the CPSU (b), he was recruited into the anti‐Soviet organization of the right by the former secretary of the regional committee KABAKOV (convicted).
In 1930, on the instructions of KABAKOV SHAKHGILDYAN, together with the former head of the construction of the Bereznikovsky chemical plant GRANOVSKY (arrested), he created an organization of the right, which carried out sabotage and sabotage work at construction, and later at the enterprises of the chemical plant.
At the end of 1933, SHAKHGILDYAN was transferred to transport and after a period of work as the head of PODOR was appointed head of the Kaganovich road.
After being assigned to this road, SHAKHGILBDYAN, for the sake of conspiracy, began to create an anti‐Soviet organization by putting together a group of rightists, which was small at first, in the administration of the road.
Gradually, he recruited new members into this group, attracting first of all members of the Trotskyist organization that existed on the road and was headed before his arrival by the former head of the road MIRONOV and TUROK (both arrested).
In 1936, the organization already included more than 50 people of the leading employees of the road administration, heads of basic services, workers of the NKPS factories and the apparatus of the political department.
The recruits included:
SCHWARTZ ‐ former head of the steam locomotive service (to be established); DEMENEV ‐ the former head of the same service, who worked after SHVARTZ (arrested), SOKOLYANSKY ‐ former. early carriage service (arrested); LEVENGOF ‐ former head of the track service (arrested); KORCHAGIN ‐ former head of the track service (arrested), AKIMOV ‐ former deputy. the head of the supply road (arrested), TABUKASHKILI ‐ the former head of the signaling communications service (arrested), MILYUKOV ‐ the former head of the Perm PBRZ (arrested), GRIMOV ‐ the former head of the cargo service (his arrest is being prepared), GAPEEV ‐ the former head of PODOR (arrested), and a number of others.
On the instructions of SHAKHGILDYAN, the members of the organization launched a large subversive and sabotage work on the road. The most widely deployed sabotage was the former head of the carriage service SOKOLYANSKY. The sabotage went along the line of disrupting the repair of cars, creating traffic jams at the most important stations due to malfunctioning auto brakes and the deliberate accumulation of a mass of sick cars at the nodes.
In the field of the locomotive economy, subversive work was carried out along the line of disrupting the structured drive, disrupting the training of driver personnel, non‐observance of washing cycles, sabotage organization of repairing steam locomotives, which led to the rapid destruction of the locomotive fleet.
Along with this, the members of the organization carried out sabotage work in the field of material supply, disrupted the loading of especially important cargo, in particular timber and fertilizers for agriculture, sabotaged the execution of orders of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Transport Improvement, systematically disrupted work to eliminate the consequences of sabotage started on the MIRONOV and BY TURK.
SHAKHGILDYAN testified that, while heading the Pravotrotskyist sabotage and sabotage organization in transport, he was simultaneously a member of the regional Pravotrotskyist organization. He confessed that from KABAKOV he knew about the terrorist acts being prepared by the regional center of Rights and Trotskyites against the leaders of the party and government, the implementation of which was entrusted to a member of the organization KOVALEV, the former secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the Komsomol. SHAKHGILDYAN also testified that the regional center of Rights and Trotskyism, with the participation of a group of right‐wing workers of the military district headquarters, was creating insurgent groups that were supposed to be used in wartime.
The interrogation of Ipakhgildyan continues.
2. KOTIK, former head of the road department of the NKPS Traffic
Control Center. Interrogated: NASEDKIN.
He confessed that in 1935 he was recruited by a member of the antiSoviet military conspiracy GRUZDUP ‐ a former deputy. Head of the Military Transport Academy of the Red Army (arrested).
On instructions from GRUZDUPA, KOTIK carried out sabotage work in transport, disorganized train traffic and sewn up major railway junctions in order to disrupt the state transportation plan.
In 1936, KOTIK received an assignment from the GRUZDUP to contact the participants in the anti‐Soviet military conspiracy who worked in the NKPS, PETROV, the head of the centerʹs road department, and DAVYDOV, the deputy head of this department (their arrest is being prepared), together with whom he was supposed to prepare and carry out the murder of Comrade ... L.M. KAGANOVICH.
KOTIK contacted PETROV and DAVYDOV and developed an assassination plan, according to which it was planned to take advantage of the summons of one of them to comrade. KAGANOVICH on official business and during the report to commit murder. The members of this terrorist group had weapons ‐ two revolvers.
In August 1937, KOTIK received a special task from GRUZDUPA ‐ to disorganize the work of the Belarusian Railway in connection with the upcoming maneuvers of the Belarusian Military District and, during the period of increased military transport, to crash military trains.
In carrying out this task, KOTIK contacted a participant in the antiSoviet military conspiracy KUNDIN ‐ the former head of the traffic service of the Belarusian Road (convicted), together with whom, according to a special plan they had developed, they were supposed to disorganize the work of the road in the area of maneuvers. Traffic jams were created at all the most important stations and directions from Ovruch, Kalinkovichi, Mikhaylovsky, Unecha, Gomel, Zhlobin ‐ before the exit to Leningrad‐Minsk‐Orsha. They also organized a major crash of a military train at the station. Zhlobin, during which up to 40 Red Guards were wounded.
KOTIK named 12 members of the organization known to him, including:
POPOVICH ‐ the former head of the central mobilization department of the NKPS (arrested), ROZANOV ‐ deputy. early center mobotdel NKPS (arrested), LISICHKIN ‐ early. dear to them. Voroshilov (his arrest is being prepared), IVANOV ‐ head of the Moscow‐Okruzhnaya road, ANDREEV ‐ early. Moscow‐Donbass road (their arrest is being prepared), KIRIANOVA ‐ early. the bulk transportation department of the central traffic management NKPS (arrest is being prepared), and others.
KOTIKʹs interrogation continues.
3. LOSHKOMOEV, a former arbitrator of the departmental arbitration of the NKPS, previously worked at the CER as the chairman of Dorprrofsozh. Interrogated: SURKOV.
He confessed that in 1927 in Harbin, during his work at the Chinese Eastern Railway, he was recruited for espionage work in favor of Japan by the Japanese intelligence agent MELIK‐VARTANYAN and the White Guard VOLKOV, the head of the detective department of the Harbin police.
On the instructions of the Japanese intelligence service, LOSHKOMOEV systematically provided information on the work of illegal communist organizations at the Chinese Eastern Railway and the personnel of these organizations, party directives received from the Soviet Union. In addition, he covered the activities of Soviet representatives at the Chinese Eastern Railway, workers and workers of the Soviet consulate who arrived in Harbin from the USSR.
In 1927, LOSHKOMOEV was seconded from Harbin to Chita and appointed chairman of the Dorprofsozh of the Trans‐Baikal road. LOSHKOMOEV maintained contact with Japanese intelligence through ORLOVA, a Harbinka, who was acting as a communications agent, who came to him from MELIK‐VARTANYAN.
Through ORLOVA, LOSHKOMOEV transmitted information about the political state of the Trans‐Baikal road and the political moods of the population of Transbaikalia, information about the mobilization readiness of the Transbaikal road, the deployment and number of military garrisons within the road, as well as a number of data on the state of the locomotive and car parks (ORLOVA is being established).
In 1928, the second agent of Japanese intelligence YESCHUK, who had previously worked in the Harbin Council of Trade Unions, arrived at LOSHKOMOEV in Chita.
After moving to Moscow, LOSHKOMOEV contacted the resident of the Japanese intelligence service ZHIBROV, the former head. organizational department of the Central Committee of railway workers, and WILDGRUBE, formerly. early central communication station NKPS. ZHIBROV and WILDGRUBE ‐ Harbinians, worked for KVDZh (WILDGRUBE was arrested in 1937).
On the instructions of ZHIBROV, LOSHKOMOEV gave him for the Japanese intelligence information about the throughput of the Kazan road, which he received through the employee of the Kazan road SKALKINA specially recruited by him for this purpose. In addition, LOSHKOMOEV at different times transmitted to Japanese intelligence spy information about the throughput of steam locomotive repair plants and the characteristics of their technical equipment.
LOSHKOMOEV confessed that he was a former Left Social
Revolutionary. Having joined the All‐Union Communist Party of
Bolsheviks in 1920, he continued organizational ties with the SocialistRevolutionaries and waged an active struggle against the party. In 1925, in Harbin, he became a member of the Trotskyist organization created there by the former head of the CER IVANOV and LASHKEVICH. After moving to work in the NKPS apparatus in Moscow, LOSHKOMOEV received an assignment from a member of the organization POZDEEV to contact GORBUNOV, the deputy chief arbiter of the NKPS, who was also part of the organization. Later, together with GORBUNOV, he carried out subversive sabotage work through arbitration, causing material damage to the interests of transport.
Head of the Secretariat of the NKVD of the USSR, Senior Major of State Security (SHAPIRO)
[1] Communist University of the National Minorities of the West.
[2] So in the source.
[3] So in the source