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To Stalin Top Secret Summaries Of The most important testimonies Of Those arrested 1937‐ 1938A summary of the most important testimonies of those arrested by the GUGB of the NKVD of the USSR for February 7‐8, 1938
Archive: AP RF. F. 3. Op. 24. D. 404. L. 108‐137
8 February 1938
SECRETARY of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) comrade STALIN
I am sending you a summary of the most important testimonies of the arrested GUGB NKVD of the USSR for February 7‐8, 1938.
Peopleʹs Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR Peopleʹs Commissar for
State Security (EZHOV) [1]
Top secret
For the 3rd DEPARTMENT [2]
1. PAK‐DING‐SHUN, Korean, former revision editor of the Korean section of the Foreign Works Publishing House. Interrogated: GRIGORIEV.
He testified that in 1917, while in Vladivostok, he was recruited by the Japanese agent LI‐DON‐KHI.
LI‐DON‐HI, an old major Japanese agent, skillfully disguised his work for the Japanese under the guise of a fighter for the revolutionary movement in Korea.
On the instructions of the Japanese, in order to provoke LI‐DON‐KHI, with the participation of PAK‐DIN‐SHUN, the so‐called “revolutionary” group LI‐DON‐KHI was created. In the leadership of this group, in addition to LI‐DON‐KHI and PAK‐DIN‐SHUN, there were Japanese agents KIM‐NIP, PAK‐AI, O‐HA‐MUK, OGAY Vasily, O‐SEN‐MUK and CHOI‐DON‐NEN ... At the same time, the real revolutionaries KIM‐IR, LI‐VER‐LEN, DO‐NON‐HO, BY‐CHI‐MUN were handed over to the Japanese.
In 1919, PAK‐DIN‐SHUN, on the instructions of LI‐DON‐KHI, infiltrated the red Korean partisan detachments, where, together with Japanese agents CHOI‐DON‐NEN and KHAN‐CHEN‐GER, collected and transmitted spy information to LI‐DON‐KI and conducted demoralizing provocative work among the partisans for using these detachments as an armed force to organize the armed separation of the Korean regions from Primorye and create an autonomous Korean region from these Korean regions under the protectorate of Japan.
After some time, PAK‐DIN‐SHUN was recalled from the partisan detachments to Vladivostok and, on behalf of LI‐DON‐KHI, left for Moscow and achieved recognition of the LI‐DON‐KI group by the Korean section of the Comintern in the Comintern.
The LI‐DON‐KI group was recognized by the Korean section of the Comintern, and PAK‐DIN‐SHUN for revolutionary work in Korea received 400,000 rubles from the Comintern, which he delivered to Shanghai and transferred them to LI‐DON‐KI there. For completing this assignment, PAK‐DIN‐SHUN received a reward of 9.000 Mexican dollars.
In 1921, LI‐DON‐KI, PAK‐DING‐SHUN and KIM‐NIP, in order to create the appearance of the deployment of revolutionary work, and in fact for the purpose of provocation, convened a congress of the LIDON‐KI group in Shanghai, where the Central Committee consisting of from LEE‐DON‐KHI, PAK‐DIN‐SHUN and KIM‐NIPA. Along with the convocation of the Shanghai congress, the Japanese organized the so‐called Irkutsk congress in Irkutsk to split the revolutionary movement in Korea, headed by Japanese agents NAM‐MAN‐CHUN and others.
After 1921, PAK‐DIN‐SHUN settled in Moscow, LI‐DON‐KI remained in Vladivostok, and NAM‐MAN‐CHUN was sent to Shanghai. Thus, a channel was created for Japanese intelligence to penetrate Soviet territory and an extensive network of espionage, sabotage and insurgent organizations was organized, mainly in the Far East and Moscow.
Personally, PAK‐DIN‐SHUN created in Moscow an espionage and sabotage insurgent organization including 16 people (some of them were arrested and confessed).
In parallel with PAK‐DIN‐SHUN, the same organizations were created by major Japanese agents CHOI‐SHEN‐WU and KIM‐DANYA (both arrested and confessed).
While in Moscow, PAK‐DIN‐SHUN kept in touch with the Japanese through KIM‐ZAEN, KIM‐DEN‐HA, KIM‐DANYA (arrested, confessed).
2. ROSHAN Bager, former Iranian language teacher at the military academy. Interrogated: DZIVOV, RYASNOY.
During interrogation on February 4 this year. confessed that he was a provocateur in the Iranian Communist Party.
For provocative work, he was associated with a police agent who also got into the Iranian Communist Party ‐ SHIRINOVNI.
In 1928, the Iranian intelligence service RUSHAN was deployed to the USSR with sabotage and espionage missions. Upon arrival in the USSR, under the guise of a political emigrant, RUSHAN got a job at the KUTV [3] and contacted the leaders of the Iranian sector of the KUTV FURUZI, also a provocateur and agent of the Iranian police.
In 1930, as RUSHAN showed, he was employed in the publishing sector of the Iranian section of the Comintern as the head of the Iranian section of the ECKI SULTAN‐ZADE. SULTAN‐ZADEH, being an Iranian intelligence spy, contacted ROSHAN.
According to Roushanʹs testimony, there was a nationalist spyprovocative organization in Moscow against Iranian ʺpolitical emigrantsʺ, which included:
1. RAZAEV Shergi ‐ former secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Iran (arrested).
2. SULTAN‐ZADE ‐ Former Secretary of the Iranian section of the ECCI (arrested).
3. KHIBASI ‐ former member of the Central Committee of the
Communist Party of Iran (arrested).
4. SAFE ‐ former member of the Central Committee of the Communist
Party of Iran (arrested).
5. GASANOV Hasan ‐ former member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Iran (arrested).
6. KOMRAN ‐ former employee of the Iranian section of the Comintern (arrested).
7. LATIF‐ZADE ‐ former employee of the Iranian Communist Party
(arrested).
8. HOMANI‐SEYFULLA‐ZADE ‐ studied in KUTV (arrested).
9. RAZAEV Mamed ‐ a former employee of the Iranian Communist Party, recently the head. department of the Central Committee of the CP (b) of Turkmenistan.
10. CHANGIS‐RIZA HASAN‐ZADE ‐ a former employee of the Iranian Communist Party, now an employee of Tajikistan (arrested).
11. SALLA‐MULLA ‐ former member of the KP of Iran (arrested).
12. SHIRINOV ‐ former employee of the KPI, currently in Iran, and
13. He is ROSHAN Bager.
The organization, being associated with the Iranian embassy in Moscow, carried out active intelligence work in the USSR in favor of Iran, helped the Iranian police in defeating the Iranian Communist Party and worked to educate Iranian youth who studied in the USSR in a nationalist spirit.
Roushan in his testimony also speaks of the poet LAHUTI as one of the active participants in the counterintelligence organization.
3. KARKLIN PY, chief engineer of the State Institute No. 1 of the Peopleʹs Commissariat of the Defense Industry. Interrogated:
RUCHKIN.
He admitted that in 1925‐1927. conveyed espionage information on the plant number 39 to the agent of the Latvian intelligence BERZIN K.I. (convicted).
KARKLIN also admitted to sabotage activities, which manifested itself in the fact that, while working at plant 39, he systematically delayed the repair of aircraft and engines that entered the plant.
In the design institute KARKLIN joined the counter‐revolutionary group and carried out sabotage in the design of new factories. So, for the plant number 207, its sabotage design led to the need for huge rework of the project, which caused additional costs.
4. OZOLIN VI, former engineer of Glavneft, Latvian by nationality. Interrogated: KULIKOV.
He showed about his participation in the counter‐revolutionary espionage wrecking organization in Glavneft.
OZOLIN, on the instructions of one of the leaders of the counterrevolutionary organization POLYAKOV, deputy chief of Glavneft, was associated with a representative of the American firm ʺSulivanʺ DOLL, to whom he passed information on the oil industry.
Through an engineer of Glavneft * SARGSYANTS * [4] OZOLIN was connected with the Japanese embassy and through a relative [5] of SARGSYANTS who worked there, he passed on espionage information to the Japanese.
5. KHORKOV SG, director of the airship building plant number 207. Interrogated by: KUZNETSOV.
He showed that he was a member of an anti‐Soviet organization that existed in the aviation industry, in which he was involved in 1936 by A.N. Tupolev.
In addition to TUPOLEV, this sabotage organization included * CHERNYSHEV * [6] ‐ the former head of the 3rd department of the 1st central board of the NKOP, * PUTILOV * [7] ‐ the former chief engineer and chief designer of the plant 207, and * RUDINTS * [8 ] ‐ former deputy director of the 207 plant.
KHORKOV for counterrevolutionary work was associated with
TKACHEV, the former head of Aeroflot, and KUTS, the head of the Aeronautics Directorate of Aeroflot (arrested, confessed).
KHORKOVʹs counterrevolutionary subversive activities consisted in the fact that, on the instructions of TUPOLEV and CHERNYSHEV, he sabotaged the execution of the STO resolution of August 10, 1936 ʺOn the development of airship building.ʺ
Together with PUTILOV and RUDINETS he thwarted the plan to build airships in 1937. He knew and in every possible way covered up the sabotage in the design bureau No. 3 (on the Tsiolkovsky airship), which was carried out by the former head of the KIM missile group. * [9]
On the line of capital construction, the sabotage work consisted in the fact that, by drawing up the wrong titles for the annual construction, funds were scattered over secondary objects and only completely insufficient funds were allocated for boathouse No. 1.
He took part in disrupting the preparation of the B‐6 airship for the rescue of the PAPANINA group, which was carried out by the assistant to the head of Aeroflot SHIROKIM and the acting head of the Aeronautics Directorate KUTSEM.
KHORKOV knew that SHIROKY, despite the urgency of the task of the government commission for preparing the airship for flight, in every possible way confused and delayed this preparation, without providing the necessary control over both the preparation of the ship itself and its necessary equipment.
The direct executor of the preparation of the airshipʹs flight and its support was to be the KTC, which did absolutely nothing to prepare the departure of the V‐6 airship and, in essence, led the line to disrupt the government assignment.
Khorkov was entrusted with the task of assisting in assembling various equipment on the airship and preparing a special cable for lifting the
PAPANIN group from the ice to the ship.
KHORKOV deliberately did not organize all the work on time, and the manufacture of the cable was delayed. No assistance was provided to install the radio equipment.
Thus, KHORKOV, SHIROKY and KUTS were leading a line to disrupt the governmentʹs mission to take off the airship, and the airship took off only thanks to the direct intervention of the government commission itself and the NKVD workers who prepared the departure. The indications are primary.
6. KUTs VF , former head of Aeronautics Directorate of Aeroflot. Interrogated by: KUZNETSOV, FILON, ZHUKOV.
He showed that in April 1937 he was involved in the counterrevolutionary organization that existed in the Civil Air Fleet by the secretary of the party committee * BARANOV * [10] .
KUTS said that according to BARANOV he is known as members of the counter‐revolutionary organization in the Civil Air Fleet ‐ the deputy head of the Civil Air Fleet SHIROKY and the director of the airship building plant No. 207 KHORKOV.
On the instructions of a member of the counterrevolutionary organization, the former head of the Civil Air Fleet Tkachev, the CTC disorganized the work of the Aeronautical Administration, in particular, disrupted the construction of airports in Moscow and Sverdlovsk.
KUTS and SHIROKIY tried to disrupt the task of the government commission to prepare the departure of the B‐6 airship to rescue the PAPANINA group.
The indications are primary.
7. LYUBARSKY NS, a former member of the Bund, from 1917 to 1918, was a member of the CPSU (b) since 1919, in January 1938 he was expelled for contact with the enemies of the people (ROSENGOLTS, KANDELAKI and FRIEDRICHSON). From 1933 to 1936 he worked at the Trade Mission in Berlin as head of the forestry department. Prior to his arrest, he was authorized by the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Foreign Trade in the Leningrad Region. Interrogated by: BEREZOVSKY,
KHATINSKY.
He confessed that at the beginning of 1936 he was involved by the former trade representative in Germany KANDELAKI in the counterrevolutionary Trotskyist organization that existed in the Narkomvneshtorg system. On the instructions of KANDELAKI, he carried out the following sabotage:
‐ the contingent of sawn timber exported in 1936 deliberately sold at low prices, thereby causing the Soviet Union a loss of 100,000 rubles in gold.
‐ mainly supplied Germany with timber on an extra‐planned delivery.
As an authorized representative of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Foreign Trade in the Leningrad Region, he carried out the following sabotage:
‐ imported equipment coming from abroad, intended for newly built plants and factories, was deliberately accepted without any control, as a result of which a significant amount turned out to be completely unusable, and thereby caused enormous damage to the Soviet Union.
‐ deliberately allowed long‐term storage of imported equipment in the open air, which rusted and fell into disrepair.
LYUBARSKY named seven members of the organization (all arrested).
For the 5th DEPARTMENT
1. BELOV IP, Former Commander of the Belorussian Military District. Interrogated by YAMNITSKY and KAZAKEVICH.
BELOV additionally testified that he knew a number of members of the military SR organization in the districts where there were independent branches of the organization. So, in the LVO, the organization included:
1. * KUDRYAVTSEV * [11] ‐ the former chief of staff of the artillery technical school, who had SR connections in the academies in Leningrad and was directly connected, like other SR‐soldiers, with a member of the center of the military SR organization in the LVO ‐ PODSHIVALOV (both arrested) ;
2. * KARPOV * [12], former commander of the 56th Infantry Division (not arrested).
In MVO :
3. DANENBERG ‐ Commander of the 52nd Infantry Division (arrested).
4. GLININ ‐ assistant to the military prosecutor of the 10th rifle corps (not arrested), associated with the former military prosecutor Lev
SUBOTSKY (arrested).
In KVO :
5. KNYAGNITSKY ‐ the former head of the fortified area (convicted), connected with the active Socialist‐Revolutionary SABLIN, about whom he, BELOV, had previously shown.
In HVO :
6. ROMANOVSKY ‐ military prosecutor of the KhVO (arrested).
7. STAVITSKY ‐ assistant to the military prosecutor of the KhVO (arrested).
These persons in the KhVO, through Subotsky Lion, were connected with the center of the organization, personally with EFIMOV. He headed the Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in KhVO ‐ ROMANOVSKY.
In SKVO :
8. * KOZMIN * [13] ‐ Head of the Financial Department of the North Caucasus Military District (not arrested).
TO URAL VO :
9. VASILENKO ‐ former deputy. com. troops (convicted).
10. * NESTEROVSKY * ‐ early. military training of students (not
arrested).
11. ** YAGUSHEVSKY ** [14] ‐ early. aircraft technician schools (not arrested).
12. PETRUSHIN ‐ Assistant Committee for Material Support (arrested).
13. ** KLIVCHENKO ** [15] ‐ room. commander of a tank brigade (not arrested).
VASILENKO headed the military‐Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in the Urals and
NESTEROVSKY associated with EFIMOV.
In ZakVO :
14. *** SAVITSKY *** [16] ‐ former chief of staff of the district (not arrested).
15. STEPANIANTS ‐ Chairman of the Osoaviakhim of Armenia (not arrested).
SAVITSKY headed the military Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in
ZakVO.
In SAVO :
16. Sokolov N. ‐ military prosecutor of SAVO (not arrested).
17. CHANYSHEV ‐ former commander of a rifle division (arrested).
The head of the organization in SAVO was the former com. troops VELIKANOV (arrested).
In addition to the above‐mentioned members of the military SR organization in the districts, BELOVU is aware of the following persons entering this organization:
18. MOVCHAN ‐ early. fuel management of the Red Army (arrested).
19. ** ANZIPO‐CHIKUNSKY ** [17] ‐ naval attaché in Italy (not arrested).
20. ** EMELYANOV‐SURIK ** [18] ‐ room. military attaché (not arrested).
21. ** ANDRIANOV ** [19] ‐ early. Aviation Army Headquarters (not arrested) and others ‐ only 45 people.
Of these, ANCIPO‐CHIKUNSKY and EMELYANOV‐SURIK were associated with FISHMAN (arrested), and the rest with EFIMOV (convicted).
All the listed members of the military Socialist‐Revolutionary organization were recruited at different times by BELOV, EFIMOV, VELIKANOV (arrested) and GRYAZNOV (arrested).
In addition, I.P. BELOV showed that in 1937 a former deputy was involved in the anti‐Soviet organization of the right. com. troops of the Air Defense Forces [20] on the cavalry corps commander APANASENKO (not arrested).
The recruitment of APANASENKO BELOV took place in Smolensk, where they came into close contact at work. Prior to that, over a number of years, during meetings in Moscow and Rostov (where they worked together in 1927‐1928), BELOV had repeated anti‐Soviet conversations with APANASENKO, which enabled him in 1937 to directly raise the question of recruitment with APANASENKO.
2. RUTMAN Ya.Ya., a former member of the Military Collegium of the
Supreme Court of the USSR. Brigadier military lawyer. Interrogated: LEBEDEV, YAKUNIN.
He confessed that he was a member of the Latvian fascist‐espionage organization, to which he was recruited in 1934 by MEZIS, a former member of the military council of the Volga Military District (arrested).
According to the work of the anti‐Soviet Latvian organization, MEZIS connected RUTMAN with Oshle, the former assistant to the commander of the Moscow Military District for material support (convicted).
On the instructions of OSHLEY, RUTMAN created a group of antiSoviet Latvian organization from among the senior officials (Latvians) of the Supreme Court of the USSR, recruiting at the beginning of 1936 GAISHPUIT Fritz Fritsovich, a member of the Transport Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, and KRUMIN, a member of the special board of the Supreme Court of the USSR (both were not arrested).
Both KRUMIN and GAYSHPUIT previously worked abroad. The first was consul in Germany, and GAISHPUIT was a responsible employee of the trade mission in Iran.
In the middle of 1936, RUTMAN contacted the fourth member of this anti‐Soviet organization in the system of the Supreme Court of the USSR MEREN, the chairman of the water collegium, who later headed the entire group of judicial officers ‐ members of the anti‐Soviet Latvian organization and directed its anti‐Soviet activities (MEREN was arrested).
At one of the meetings of this group in September 1936, convened by MEREN in his court office, as a member of an anti‐Soviet Latvian organization, there was a member of the cassation board of the Supreme Court of the USSR ROSENBERG (not arrested).
At this meeting, MEREN, informing the group about the directives he personally received from RUDZUTAK, the head of the center of the fascist‐espionage Latvian organization, demanded that the work of the group be revitalized: recruiting new persons into the organization, sabotage activities in the practice of judicial work and conducting espionage in favor of the Latvian intelligence. As RUTMAN shows, referring to the last question, MEREN then said that he would talk to each of the group members separately about espionage.
Since 1936, RUTMAN has been a spy of Latvian intelligence and was connected by espionage work with the resident of the Latvian intelligence LEPPE Ivan Ivanovich ‐ a responsible officer of the Peopleʹs Commissariat of Railways (arrested), giving him materials about the work of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR with detailed instructions: who was convicted, corpus delicti and punishment.
LEPPEʹs apartment was one of the safe houses of this organization, where illegal meetings took place.
As members of the anti‐Soviet Latvian nationalist organization (except for the above), RUTMAN named:
1. SALYN ‐ the former head of the UNKVD in the Omsk region
(arrested).
2. LENTSMAN ‐ an employee of Ispart [21] (arrested).
3. GERMANA ‐ secretary of RUDZUTAK (arrested).
The fact that these persons are members of an anti‐Soviet Latvian organization, RUTMAN knows from OSHLEY and LEPPE. In addition, RUTMAN met SALYN at an illegal meeting of an anti‐Soviet Latvian organization in the autumn of 1936 in LEPPEʹs apartment.
3. NEMIROV AC, former instructor of the Intelligence Directorate of Mongolia. Interrogated: YAMNITSKY, PAVLOVSKY.
He additionally testified that in December 1936 he, NEMIROV, received information that an allegedly anti‐Japanese group of princes was organized in the Ulan‐Usib Diet (Inner Mongolia), led by Prince SANDYK Zadan.
TARKHANOV and TAIROV (arrested), whom NEMIROV had informed about this, decided to use this report with a provocative purpose. TAIROV wrote a letter to Moscow in which he offered to contact these princes and help them organize their forces against the Japanese. The purpose of these proposals was to provoke a conflict on this section of the border and accelerate Japanʹs attack on the Soviet Union.
Despite Moscowʹs categorical prohibition to enter into such negotiations, TAIROV in January 1937 suggested that NEMIROV and the head of the 3rd Mongolian Peopleʹs Republic Directorate NEMKHU (a conspiracy participant) go to the border to establish contact with SANDYK. From Tairovʹs words, NEMIROV knew that SANDYK was a Japanese agent.
NEMIROV and NEMKHU, fulfilling TAIROVʹs assignment, on January
19, 1937, met with SANDYK at the border and agreed that SANDYK and his group would create in Inner Mongolia the appearance that they were preparing to act against Japan, to decipher to the Japanese their ties with the MPR and about allegedly the assistance provided to them by the Soviet Union.
SANDYK was informed about the uprising impending in the MPR.
In addition, NEMIROV and NEMKHU agreed with SANDYK to prepare a joint action with the help of Japan against the Soviet Union.
4. LOZOVSKY (YAMBERG), former head of the technical department of the RKKA Intelligence Directorate. Interrogated: YAMNITSKY, PAVLOVSKY.
He additionally showed that, being in January‐February 1919, during the existence of Soviet power in Latvia, assistant to the head of the operational network of the Riga Political Department (EC), LOZOVSKY at the request of the resident of the German intelligence service ANDERSEN (the latter lived in Riga with local Germans in a semi‐legal situation) in every possible way contributed to the release from arrest of anti‐Soviet elements. In particular, he managed to secure the release from custody of the pharmacist LITS, the merchant LEVENSON, the Lutheran pastor KELLER or KEPLE, the pastor HUGENBERGER and 8 more people whose names he does not remember. They were all German spies. In addition, LOZOVSKY regularly informed ANDERSEN about the progress of the arrests and the alleged arrests and searches, especially among local Germans. As a result, many of these persons managed to escape in time and avoid arrest.
In March 1919 LOZOVSKY was transferred to intelligence work at the Revolutionary Military Council of the Red Army of Latvia. He was in this job until May 1919, i.e. before the fall of the Soviet power in Latvia.
During this time, LOZOVSKY had several meetings with ANDERSEN, to whom he conveyed all the plans for the reconnaissance work of the Army Revolutionary Military Council known to him.
Since LOZOVSKY was directly involved in intelligence work in
Estonia, he also transferred to ANDERSEN all information and intelligence developments in this country, in particular, he passed on a list of agents sent to Estonia (I don’t remember their last names), of which 4 agents were arrested there and convicted.
5. * V.H. CHERNEVSKY * [22] ‐ briginant. Interrogated: YAMNITSKY, IVANOV.
He additionally testified that in October 1933, in Leningrad, he established contact with the Leningrad district center of the military Socialist‐Revolutionary organization, personally with the head of the ZAPOROZHETS center (former deputy of the OGPU PP, convicted).
In addition to ZAPOROZHETS, PODSHIVALOV, the commander of the 20th rifle division, and TRIFONOV, the former commander of the 10th rifle division (both arrested), were included in the district center of the military SR organization of Leningrad.
The military Socialist‐Revolutionary organization was firmly cobbled together and covered the main parts of the garrison with its influence. The Socialist‐Revolutionary cells in the military educational institutions of Leningrad were especially strong.
The cell for educational institutions was headed by the following persons:
Political‐Military Academy :
1. * YATSENKO * [23] ‐ Party bureau instructor, former Borotbist. 2. * VELICHKO * [24] ‐ teacher of political economy.
3. * CHERNITSKY * [25] ‐ teacher of the history of the Comintern.
Communication school :
1. * BYKOV * [26] ‐ teacher of the history of the CPSU (b).
Air Force School :
1. * PANIN * [27] ‐ Head of the Air Force course.
2. * KRUSTEIN * [28] ‐ teacher at the Air Force Technician School.
3. * ANDREEV * [29] ‐ teacher of the 2nd Leningrad Aviation School. ABT KUKS :
1. * GRACHEV * [30] ‐ engineer of ABT KUKS.
2. * Evdokimov * [31] ‐ room. early ABT KUKS.
Art academy:
1. ** BREGEDA ** [32] ‐ head of the Art academy department.
Naval schools :
1. * LEONOV * [33] ‐ teacher of the history of the CPSU (b).
2. * FEDOTOV * [34] ‐ chairman of the local committee of the academy.
(All persons named by CHERNETSKY are installed).
Electrotechnical Academy :
1. * VETVITSKII * [35] ‐ teacher, currently works in the RU RKKA (not arrested).
There were also strong cells in a number of military units of the district.
The military Socialist‐Revolutionary district center of the organization in Leningrad had a connection with the civilian Socialist‐Revolutionary underground in Leningrad. The civil Socialist‐Revolutionary organization was headed by the city committee of the SocialistRevolutionaries. ** The chairman of this committee was the head of the shop of the plant ʺOsoaviakhimaʺ KUZMIN (to be established) ** [36] .
CHERNEVSKY knows from PODSHIVALOV that KUZMIN used the presence of an SR group in the trading port in Leningrad and created a courier connection through the Leningrad port with CHERNOV (leader of the SRs), who was in exile. According to the guidelines and directives of the foreign SR center in Prague, a civil organization created at a number of defense enterprises of Leningrad (factories Krasny Putilovets, Bolshevik, Obukhovsky, Sudostroitelny, etc.) a number of separately operating, small in number of participants ( the basis was taken by three) sabotage groups, each of which chose an object for a sabotage act and prepared this act.
KUZMIN personally coordinated the work, coordinating the activities of the groups with Ivan ZAPOROZHETS, and after his arrest with PODSHIVALOV, a civil Socialist‐Revolutionary organization, the extensive ties of Leningrad enterprises with military facilities, mainly along Kronstadt and the coastal defense line, were used to the maximum. Thus, at the Kronstadt shipyard, ships and in the coastal defense garrisons, as well as in the immediate vicinity of these objects from the civilian population, groups of SRs were created with the same goal ‐ acts of sabotage.
6. V. V. SMAGIN Head of the Foreign Relations Department of NCOs. Interrogated: Kascheev.
He additionally testified that in 1928 he was set up by the former military attaché in Japan to the Japanese intelligence service, which he was recruited. The recruitment was carried out by an officer of the Japanese intelligence service, Major KASAHARA.
During the period of his work in Japan, SMAGIN was connected through intelligence, in addition to KASAHARA, with Major HATA, Captain TOMINAGA and a reserve officer URUKAMI (interpreter of the embassy).
In addition, SMAGINA are known as Japanese spies: former military attaché PRIMAKOV (convicted), assistant. the military attaché PANOV (arrested), the representatives of the embassy ASKOV, LEIFERT, CHUSOV ‐ all arrested, and SHALFEEV (not arrested).
SMAGIN handed over to the Japanese all agents of the Intelligence Agency in Japan, and helped to recruit them. In addition, he introduced a group of Japanese intelligence agents into the intelligence network.
For three years, from 1928 to 1930, SMAGIN supplied the Intelligence Directorate with disinformation about the state of the Japanese army, transmitted to the Japanese information about the state of the Red Army, the political situation of the USSR, the activities of the Comintern in Japan and the work of the USSR Embassy in Japan.
For the 6th DEPARTMENT
1. KATKOV, former head of the political department of the Tashkent road. Interrogated: ZARANKIN.
KATKOV confessed to belonging to the Pravotrotskyist sabotage organization on the Tashkent road.
He testified that at the beginning of 1936 he was recruited into the antiSoviet organization ZIMIN [37] , who at that time was the deputy of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Railways and the head of the NKPS political department. KATKOV at that time was an instructor of the political department of the NKPS.
After recruiting, ZIMIN appointed Katkov to the post of head of the political department of the Tashkent road and gave him the task of creating an anti‐Soviet Pro‐Trotskyist organization among the workers of the political department. At that time, an anti‐Soviet organization existed on the Tashkent road, headed by the former head of this road, PROKOFYEV (arrested).
This organization carried out extensive sabotage and sabotage work, and some acts of sabotage were carried out so openly that the subversive activities of the members of the organization became noticeable and the organization was threatened with failure. In this regard, ZIMIN suggested that Katkov not get involved with PROKOFIEV and only take a number of measures to retain the main cadres of the anti‐Soviet organization. To do this, he suggested that he should suppress self‐criticism, not let incriminating materials coming to the most active members of the organization, and some sabotage acts that could not be hidden, explained by technical failures and all sorts of objective conditions.
At the same time, he had to create a parallel organization from a number of especially proven and reliable people, from whom in the future he was supposed to organize a combat terrorist group.
Fulfilling these instructions, KATKOV, through various tricks, prevented the failure of the Pravotrotskyist organization that existed on the road and at the same time recruited two people for sabotage and sabotage work ‐ * KATERINCHUK * [38] ‐ the head of the traffic service, and * NITSIANSKOGO * [39] ‐ the deputy head locomotive service. The condition of the road mainly depended on these persons, and with their help KATKOV launched widespread sabotage and sabotage activities, destroyed the locomotive economy, disrupted and disorganized the normal movement of trains on the road.
2. * BOBRYSHEV * [40] , former head of the political department of the
Far Eastern road, SR since 1918. Interrogated by: VORONIN, ZARANKIN.
BOBRYSHEV began to testify about his affiliation with the anti‐Soviet Trotskyist organization in transport.
He testified that in the fall of 1935 he was recruited into the anti‐Soviet organization by ZIMIN, the former deputy of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Railways, the head of the NKPS political department. BOBRYSHEV at that time worked on the Ryazan‐Ural road as head of the political department. When recruiting, ZIMIN threatened to expose his past belonging to the Socialist‐Revolutionaries, social origin (Bobryshev is the breederʹs son) and the belonging of his two brothers to an anti‐Soviet Trotskyist organization, which ZIMIN knew about.
ZIMIN informed Bobryshev about the existence of a Trotskyite center, which headed a number of branched counterintelligence organizations in all branches of the railway economy, detailed the program guidelines of the Right and Trotskyists in transport, and also informed about the subversive and sabotage work of the sabotage and sabotage organization on the Ryazan‐Ural road, which was headed in the former head of this road KAVTARADZE (arrested).
ZIMIN named BOBRYSHEVA the members of the anti‐Soviet organization in the NKPS: ROSSOV (convicted), PAKULIN (arrested) and BYKHOVSKY (arrest is being prepared).
On the instructions of ZIMIN, BOBRYSHEV contacted KAVTARADZE and became a member of the anti‐Soviet organization headed by him.
Acting in the future on the instructions of KAVTARADZE,
BOBRYSHEV established contact with a number of members of the organization on the Ryazan‐Ural road (KALABIN ‐ deputy head of the road, VESELOV ‐ head of the traffic service, IVANOV ‐ head of the track service ‐ all were arrested, etc.). In turn, he recruited 9 workers from the political department of the road for anti‐Soviet subversive work, including the head of the department of leading party organizations ‐ SKORIKOV, his deputy POSTNOV, head of the political department of RUSAK, and others.
These recruits by BOBRYSHEV were designed to plant members of the organization at the most important junctions of the road (Rtishchevo, Balashov, Penza, Saratov).
BOBRYSHEV gives specific testimony about sabotage work at the main junctions of the Ryazan‐Ural road along the line of the traffic service, in particular about sabotage work on sewing the main units. Names 23 members of the anti‐Soviet sabotage and sabotage organization on the Ryazan‐Ural road.
BOBRYSHEVʹs testimony establishes the subversive and sabotage work carried out by the anti‐Soviet organization on the Far Eastern road, especially in the field of party‐political work.
3. PAINTING, Art. Researcher at the Scientific Research Institute of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Railways, Socialist‐Revolutionary since
1905. Interrogated by VYATKIN and GREENER.
ZHIVOPISTSEV began to testify about his belonging to the counterrevolutionary Socialist‐Revolutionary underground and subversive work in transport.
He showed that he had joined the Socialist‐Revolutionaries back in 1905 and, since the October Revolution, did not stop actively fighting the Soviet regime.
From 1918 to 1920 ZHIVOPISTSEV participated in organizing a number of kulak‐Socialist‐Revolutionary uprisings, kept the safe house of the Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in Leningrad, and was in charge of the Socialist‐Revolutionary underground arms depot.
On the instructions of the underground Socialist‐Revolutionary Central Committee of PAINTINGISTS, in 1920 he left for Kharkov, where he was supposed to contact the prominent Socialist‐Revolutionary KHITRYUK, with his help to establish contact with the kulak gangs operating in Ukraine and organize the supply of weapons. ZHIVOPISTSEV failed to carry out this plan, since at the beginning of 1921 he was arrested and was in prison for 2 years.
In 1926, PAISISTSEV, working in the tariff department of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Railways, was sent to Germany. While in Berlin, on the instructions of the Socialist Revolutionary MALITSKY (former chairman of VIKZHEL, currently working in the State Arbitration Commission), PAISISTS contacted the representative of the foreign bureau of the Socialist Revolutionaries, LEVIN. ZHIVOPISTSEV informed him in detail about the situation in the USSR and received instructions from him to intensify the counter‐revolutionary underground activities of the Social Revolutionaries in the USSR.
After returning to the Soviet Union, PAISISTSEV handed these installations to MALITSKY [41] and MESHKOV [42] (former chairman of the Executive Committee of the Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in Leningrad, now works in the Dorprofsoyuz of the Lenin Road) and received from them the task of creating a Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in the NKPS.
In 1931, ZHIVOPISTSEV got in touch through the SocialistRevolutionary organization with POSTNIKOV, who at that time was working in the NKPS as the head of the Central Administration of ZHEL, who, together with his deputy BLUE and ANDREYCHIK, who worked in the Central Committee of the Union of Railway Workers, headed the Socialist‐Revolutionary organization in transport
(Apostleev [ POSTNIKOV 43] were arrested).
ZHIVOPISTSEV names 16 members of the anti‐Soviet SocialistRevolutionary organization in transport, of which he recruited 3 personally: GUSEV [44] ‐ a senior researcher at the Research Institute of Transport, LAIKIN [45] ‐ an employee of the same institute and
POLUYAN [46] Oleg ‐ son former member of the NKPS board.
The testimony of ZHIVOPISTSEV establishes the existence of an underground all‐Union Socialist‐Revolutionary center consisting of Maria SPIRIDONOVA (convicted), * DONSKY Dmitry * [47] and VEDENYAPIN ‐ former members of the Central Committee of the Socialist‐Revolutionaries (convicted).
Head of the Secretariat of the NKVD of the USSR, senior major of state security
(SHAPIRO)
[1] Signature of Deputy Peopleʹs Commissar of Internal Affairs
Frinovsky.
[2] In the left corner in the margin there is Stalin ʹs note : ʺImportantʺ
[3] Communist University of the Workers of the East.
[4] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[5] On the left margin there is Stalinʹs mark: ʺWho is he?ʺ
[6] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[7] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[8] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[9] * The paragraph is also underlined on the left margin of Stalinʹs remark: ʺImportant . ʺ
[10] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[11] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin. [12] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[13] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[14] ** ‐ ** On the fields there is Stalinʹs mark: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[15] ** ‐ ** In the fields there is Stalinʹs mark: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[16] *** ‐ *** Stalinʹs litter: ʺIsnʹt he arrested?ʺ
[17] ** ‐ ** There is Stalinʹs mark in the fields: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[18] ** ‐ ** In the fields there is Stalinʹs mark: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[19] ** ‐ ** On the fields there is Stalinʹs mark: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[20] BBO ‐ so in the source.
[21] So in the source.
[22] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[23] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[24] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[25] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[26] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[27] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[28] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[29] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[30] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[31] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[32] ** ‐ ** There is a label of Stalin: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[33] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[34] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[35] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[36] ** ‐ ** There is Stalin ʹs mark : ʺImmediately arrest and unwind . ʺ
[37] There is a litter of Stalin: ʺZimin ar‐t immediately . ʺ
[38] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[39] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[40] * ‐ * The surname is circled by Stalin.
[41] Stalin circled the last name in a circle with the note: ʺWhere is he?ʺ
[42] The surname is circled by Stalin with the note: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[43] So in the source.
[44] The surname is circled and there is a label of Stalin: ʺWhat is this Gusev?ʺ
[45] The surname is circled by Stalin with the note: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[46] The surname is circled by Stalin with the note: ʺAr‐tʺ .
[47] * ‐ * Stalin circled the surname with the note: ʺWhere is he?ʺ