To Stalin

To Stalin Top Secret Summaries Of The most important testimonies Of Those arrested 1937‐ 1938

A summary of the most important testimonies of those arrested by the GUGB NKVD of the USSR for February 19‐20, 1938

Archive: AP RF. F. 3. Op. 24. D. 405. L. 51‐71.

February 25, 1938

SECRETARY of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) comrade STALIN

I am sending you a summary of the most important testimonies of those arrested by the GUGB of the NKVD of the USSR for the 19th and 20th February 1938.

Peopleʹs Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR General Commissar of State Security (EZHOV)

Top secret

For the 3rd DEPARTMENT

1. SMOLYANSKY LB, ex . Head of the Main Department of Labor Devices, NKSO. Interrogated: KONONOV, KOROTKOV.

He testified that, being an active leftist Socialist‐Revolutionary in the past, he continued anti‐Soviet work and entered the CPSU (b) in 1920 until his arrest.

SMOLYANSKY was one of the members of the underground Central

Committee of the Socialist‐Revolutionaries‐

struggleists. SMOLYANSKY named 10 people as members of the underground anti‐Soviet organization of the Socialist Revolutionaries, of whom 8 were convicted.

SMOLYANSKY testified that the anti‐Soviet organization was connected in its counter‐revolutionary work with the foreign leftSocialist‐Revolutionary center represented by Schreider and STEINBERG, whom she informed about the counter‐revolutionary work being carried out, passed them spy materials about the USSR and received instructions.

The anti‐Soviet organization of the Socialist‐Revolutionariesfightingists contacted its counterintelligence work with other antiSoviet organizations, prepared terrorist attacks and an armed uprising. SMOLYANSKY named four members of the organization:

1) REVZINU Vera ‐ former head Department of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Land, then Director of the Research Institute of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Land (to be established).

2) G. I. VOLKOVA ‐ former employee of the Union Prosecutorʹs Office (convicted).

3) FIRSOVA G.S. ‐ an employee of Glavmetiz.

4) POLYANSKY Myron (to be established), who kept weapons and materials for filling bombs.

The testimony of SMOLYANSKY is confirmed by the testimony of another arrested member of the underground Central Committee of the Socialist‐Revolutionaries, I. Alekseev.

2. Kirichenko S. D., former. Manager of Trust No. 17 of

NKOP. Interrogated: PANFIL.

He confessed that he was a member of the gangster‐SocialistRevolutionary gang in 1917‐1919, which was engaged in the robbery of

Soviet organizations and the murder of Soviet workers in Ukraine.

In 1918, KIRICHENKO, together with other members of the SocialistRevolutionary gang, robbed the district food council in the mountains. Aleshkakh, and in 1919 the Kherson bank, taking all the valuables from the bank safes. To cover up this crime, gang members who worked in positions of responsibility in the mountains. Kherson was accused of robbing a bank, the communist ONISHCHENKO was arrested and shot.

KIRICHENKO, being all the years in responsible party and Soviet work, systematically engaged in sabotage. In 1920‐1924, while working as chairman of the Pervomaisky regional executive committee, he littered the Soviet apparatus with former Socialist‐Revolutionaries and Mensheviks.

At the direction of KIRICHENKO, his former assistant SHUBOVICH, appointed by him as the chief engineer of the construction of the Pervomayskaya hydroelectric power station, built it in a sabotage manner, as a result of which the station, designed to work at a capacity of 2,000 horsepower, operates with great interruptions at a capacity of 300‐1,000 horsepower. Working for a number of years as a member of the Revolutionary Tribunals in the Supreme Court of the Ukrainian SSR and in the military transport prosecutorʹs office, KIRICHENKO shielded the enemies of Soviet power. In 1931, while working in Kharkov as the manager of Ukrburugl, he was involved in the counterrevolutionary organization of the right and, on the instructions of the latter, disrupted coal mining and carried out sabotage development of deposits that did not have coal deposits. Working as a manager of Trust No. 17 of NKOP,

3. AKSENOV Ya.A., ex . employee of Glavlesexport of the USSR Peopleʹs Commissariat for Forestry. Interrogated: VORAXO.

He testified that since 1929 he was a member of the Trotskyist organization that existed in the USSR trade mission in England and in Arcos. At that time, AKSENOV worked as the head of the forestry department of Arkos.

On the instructions of one of the leaders ‐ TIME E.Ya. (convicted), AKSENOV deliberately sold Soviet timber to foreign firms at low prices, which caused enormous damage to the state.

AKSENOV entered into unprofitable deals for the Soviet Union with the Norwegian firm ʺBergenskaya kampaniyaʺ, which gave the right to this firm for the monopoly transportation of timber export.

AKSENOV named the following members of the Trotskyist organization in London:

1) DANISHEVSKY K.KH. ‐ Former chairman of Exportles (convicted).

2) I.P. LITVINA‐GUREVICH ‐ an employee of Exportles (convicted).

3) B. I. KRAYEVSKY ‐ Former chairman of Exportles (convicted).

4) A. L. GORSKOGO ‐ a former employee of Arkos.

5) SLAVINA ‐ a former employee of Arkos (arrested).

In 1936, while working at the Igarsky forestry plant, being expelled from the CPSU (b), AKSENOV was a member of the Trotskyist organization that existed at this plant and carried out sabotage work.

4. SHIROKIY I.F., ex. deputy early. Civil Air Fleet. Interrogated: PHILON.

SHIROKIY showed that the members of the anti‐Soviet organization of the right in the GUGVF were GUGVF employees ‐ TROYANKER, IOFFE, BARANOV, ALEXANDROV, GONCHAROV and YELKIN.

The anti‐Soviet organization of the right‐wingers carried out widespread sabotage work, as a result of which work on capital construction, on the development of old overhead lines and on the search for new ones was disrupted. The aircraft fleet and motor facilities were brought to complete collapse.

The indications are primary.

For the 5th DEPARTMENT

1. VETVITSKY, assistant military attaché in

Czechoslovakia. Interrogated: PAVLOVSKY.

Gave initial testimony that he has been a member of the military Socialist‐Revolutionary organization since 1932. VETVITSKY was recruited into this organization by POLISCHUK (former head of the Military Electrotechnical Academy) and CHERNEVSKY (former assistant of political POLISHCHUK) (both arrested).

VETVITSKY as a member of this organization had with the head of the anti‐Soviet center of the right‐wing BUKHARIN in 1932‐1933. several meetings (6‐8 times).

In addition, starting in 1933, VETVITSKY was involved by TUKHACHEVSKY and BOKIS (arrested) in espionage work, to whom he transferred top secret materials on military defense work of the Military Electrotechnical Academy and others.

VETVITSKY also had a direct espionage connection with LONGWA and SHNITMAN (arrested).

2. VOLODKIN , former. early 6 department of the Fuel Supply Directorate of the Red Army. Interrogated: RYABINKIN.

Gave initial testimony about participation in an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy. The former was recruited into an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy. early Fuel supply department of the Red Army MOVCHIN (arrested) in the summer of 1936.

As participants in the conspiracy, in addition to MOVCHIN, he named: deputy. early Fuel supply department of the RKKA SATYUKOV (arrested) and early. department of the same Department of Rozanov (arrested).

VOLODKIN testified that in the Fuel Supply Directorate, he carried out sabotage work to disrupt the supply of Red Aria with fuel and oil, in the finance sector (unaccountable and uncontrolled spending of funds and material values, payment for incomplete and unusable products, aimless allocation of large sums of money to military envoys and military districts) that were not used in places, etc.).

VOLODKIN, being the party organizer of the All‐Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of the Directorate, hid the anti‐Soviet work of a group of conspirators in the Fuel Supply Directorate of the Red Army from exposure.

The investigation continues.

3. KUIBYSHEV NV, ex. commander of the troops of the Transcaucasian

Military District. Interrogated by: AGAS, ORESHENKOV.

Gave additional testimony about sabotage work in the militarychemical industry.

KUIBYSHEV showed that in this branch of industry the subversive work carried out by him and other participants in the conspiracy had as its main purpose the creation of sabotage groups at the factories. The sabotage and sabotage work in chemistry KUIBYSHEV was in contact with the participants in the conspiracy ‐ early. AU RKKA EFIMOV and early. Chemical Administration of the RKKA FISHMAN.

Specifying the tasks of subversive work in the chemical industry, EFIMOV pointed out to KUIBYSHEV that the latter should assist in disrupting the supply of the Red Army during the war with ammunition, by creating such a situation at the factories in peacetime to disrupt their mobilization readiness. ʺIn the event of war, the army must be left without powder,ʺ EFIMOV said to KUIBYSHEV.

EFIMOV told KUIBYSHEV that through conspirators working in industry, he was connected with a number of sabotage groups working at gunpowder factories, which should practically organize sabotage during the mobilization period and during the war.

EFIMOV told KUIBYSHEV about the presence of sabotage groups:

1) at plant number 80, where the sabotage group is headed by KAZINITSKY.

2) at the plant number 13, where the sabotage group was created by SYRTSOV.

In addition, EFIMOV told KUIBYSHEV that sabotage groups existed at the K plant (on the Kama), at the Tambov plant, at plant No. 9 in Shostka and at the Kazan plant. FISHMAN pointed out to KUIBYSHEV that the conspiracy was primarily focused on disabling chemical plants during the war. KUIBYSHEV shows that, according to FISHMAN, he knows that in 1932 the participants in the conspiracy, in order to ʺtest the strength and capabilities of the organization,ʺ staged a sabotage at the Berezniki chemical plant.

In 1934, KUIBYSHEV went to Leningrad with a participant in the conspiracy ‐ early. NTU AU RKKA ZHELEZNYAKOV to plant No. 5. ZHELEZNYAKOV told KUIBYSHEV that there was a sabotage group at this plant, led by the director of the plant (I forgot the name of

KUIBYSHEV).

In 1935, one unit exploded at the Stalingrad Chemical Plant No. 93 (OB plant), as a result of which one worker was killed and three were poisoned. Knowing from the participant in the conspiracy LEBEDEV (former CPC worker, recently assistant to the head of the Chemical Department of the Red Army), that this explosion is an act of sabotage organized by a sabotage group led by the director of the plant GAVRILOV (not arrested), KUIBYSHEV and LEBEDEV (arrested) reported to the government about the causes of the explosion, that the latter was allegedly the result of technical problems in production.

Subsequently, in order to save GAVRILOV from possible exposure, he was transferred to work in Moscow as the director of chemical plant No. 1.

Knowing from PAVLUNOVSKY (arrested) that the director of Noginsk plant No. 12 SYRTSOV (arrested) is a member of the organization, KUIBYSHEV instructed LEBEDEV, who was in contact with the plant in his official work, to establish a connection with Syrtsov. From the information of LEBEDEV, KUIBYSHEV also knows that SYRTSOV created a strong sabotage group at the plant, which was preparing an explosion in the equipment shop of the plant.

KUIBYSHEV shows that LEBEDEV told him that the director of plant No. 80 in Dzerzhinsk KAZINITSKY is in charge of sabotage work at the plant, which prepares the explosion of a train with shells when they are sent from the plant by train from the factory tracks to the main railway line. The decommissioning of the plant itself was timed by KAZINITSKY to the beginning of the war.

In addition, according to LEBEDEV, KUIBYSHEV knows that the sabotage group was organized at the plant in Chapaevsk.

From among the non‐arrested participants in the conspiracy working in Khimprom, KUIBYSHEV names: BEREZNITSKY ‐ the head of the Military Chemical Institute of the NKOP, and BOLOTNIKOV ‐ the director of the Ulyanovsk plant. The investigation continues.

4. INGAUNIS, ex . Corps Commander, Commander of the Air Force

KVO, then OKDVA. Interrogated: ROGACHEV, IVKER.

Additionally, he showed that, being early. Air Force KVO, in 1935 was recruited into the conspiracy by YAKIR. Preparing a general plan of defeat, INGAUNIS, on the instructions of YAKIR, together with BUTYRSKY and the conspirators from the General Staff LEVICHEV and MEZHENINOV, developed a treacherous operational plan for the combat use of KVO aviation during the war, agreed with the

Germans. Its essence consisted in the fact that in the early days all the aviation of the KVO was used to suppress enemy aviation at its permanent and field airfields. Since the airfields of the Poles were not known and they were aware of our plan, this gave them the opportunity to hide their aviation to the west, and while the Air Force of the KVO was looking for empty airfields, they would finish concentration without interference. Having retained their aviation, they then attack our aviation.

Knowing that the outdated materiel does not provide for the fulfillment of tasks according to the war plan, according to its flight technical data, INGAUNIS deliberately concealed this. At the same time, the development of the new materiel, which began to arrive in 1936, was delayed in every possible way.

After LAPIN was removed from the DCK (arrested), INGAUNIS was appointed in his place. Before his departure to the DCK, Yakir instructed him to contact SANGURSKY (arrested). The main task received from SANGURSKY is to hide the sabotage of LAPIN.

Having examined all parts, INGAUNIS found that as a result of subversive work:

a) cash (end 1.VIII‐37) aviation on the DCK, according to its flight and tactical data, cannot perform the main tasks of an attack on the Japanese islands, on the main ports of Korea and Manchuria, cannot disrupt enemy air communications, on the contrary, an attempt the solution of the available material part of these tasks was supposed to lead to the death of Soviet aviation, which the conspirators were counting on;

b) the number of airfields in the DCK is insufficient not only for maneuvers along the front and in depth necessary for both attack and defense, but also for taking up an initial position.

c) airfields were deliberately built on low and swampy places, and the material part located on them after rains, which are very frequent in the DCK, cannot take off for 8‐10 days, which makes it easier for the

Japanese to catch our aviation at airfields.

d) aerodromes are unsuitable (small) in size for new materiel.

e) there are no hangars, the existing ones are built in a sabotage manner.

f) ammunition was delivered in a sabotage manner: large‐caliber bombs were brought to light aviation airfields, and small bombs for heavy brigades. Fuses do not go everywhere with stored bombs.

g) the fuel was not refreshed, and in some places it was deliberately damaged.

h) pests, using unfavorable meteorological conditions, put a significant part of aviation out of action.

INGAUNIS testified that he was also a member of the Latvian organization. He was recruited by EIDEMAN in 1935 (convicted). He was handed over to ALKSNISU for communication (arrested) and, on his instructions, recruited a number of Latvian commanders.

Going to the DCK, he received the directive of ALKSNIS ‐ not to get involved with the OKDVA conspirators, since they were on the eve of failure (January 1937). This explains that besides SANGURSKY he did not contact anyone.

Fulfilling the assignment of SANGURSKY, he continued sabotage in airfield construction. Hastily glossing over LAPINʹs ʺaffairsʺ and identifying those who were dissatisfied with him.

5. GOREV V.E., Ex . military attaché in Spain, brigade commander. Interrogated: YAKUNIN.

In addition, he showed that for conspiratorial activities in Spain, he, GOREV, was associated with the former head of the Intelligence

Directorate of the Red Army BERZIN.

With the arrival of BERZIN in Spain in the second half of 1936, he told GOREV that he knew about his participation, GOREV, in an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy and that BERZIN had spoken with Uborevich on this issue before leaving for Spain.

BERZIN invited GOREV to keep in touch with him and carry out all his instructions related to the fulfillment of the tasks set by the center of the military conspiracy in Moscow.

BERZIN said that the leaders of the conspiracy (he referred to Uborevich at the same time) set the following task for BERZIN and the participants in the conspiracy in Spain: to lead a line to defeat the Spanish Republican army in order to compromise the idea of the Popular Front and prove to the whole world the non‐life of the bloc of parties the Popular Front and the hopelessness of resistance to the offensive of fascism.

BERZIN instructed GOREV to seek the withdrawal of troops from Madrid, which was the most realistic possibility in preparing the defeat of the Spanish Republican Army.

6. SHROT, ex . pom. early 1 branch of the headquarters of the 9th building. Interrogated: RYABINKIN.

He confessed to espionage. He additionally testified that in February 1936, while on a business trip in Moscow, he had a meeting with the former intelligence department of the RKKA URITSKY, who told Schrot that he knew his work as an agent of German intelligence.

After that, URITSKY suggested that Schroth prepare for an overseas business trip to Germany, where he, on espionage work, must contact the representative of German intelligence Niedermeier. At the same time, URITSKY gave the task to Schroth at his place of work at the headquarters of the 9th rifle corps (Krasnodar) to create a group to conduct subversive and espionage work in favor of Germany, having

carried out the necessary recruits for this.

SHROOT were recruited by:

1) Omelyustny Georgy Mikhailovich ‐ early. headquarters of the 9th building of the corps, colonel, former. officer (not arrested).

2) Pleskin V. Ya. ‐ early. engineering service of the headquarters of the 9th page of the corps, major, former white officer (not arrested).

3) A.G. Schmidt ‐ early. communications of the headquarters of the 9th page of the corps (not arrested).

On his second visit to Moscow, SHROT contacted URITSKY and informed him about these recruits. URITSKY suggested conspiring the residency and waiting for his instructions.

The interrogation continues.

7. SMOLENSKY, former. pom. polit. Air Force Academy of the Red Army. Interrogated by: GRINBERG, SELEZNEV.

Gave initial testimony that he was a participant in an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy, into which he was recruited in October 1933 by ex. pom. early PU RKKA for the air force TROYANKER (arrested).

TROYANKER told SMOLENSKY that he was conspired to be associated with BULIN (arrested), from which in the future all installations would proceed in terms of anti‐Soviet subversive work.

Having told about the tasks of the military conspiracy, TROYANKER told SMOLENSKY that there was a well‐knit group of conspirators in the Air Force Directorate that was conducting subversive work, and that this group was headed by the head of the Red Army Air Force, ALKSNIS (arrested).

At various times, TROYANKER named a number of participants in the conspiracy to SMOLENSKY.

TROYANKER instructed SMOLENSKY to begin processing and recruiting new persons from among the commanding staff and students of the Academy in order to create a group of conspirators there, with the help of which it would be possible to carry out antiSoviet sabotage work to disrupt all plans of the Academyʹs work. In accordance with the tasks of TROYANKER, SMOLENSKY carried out a number of recruits into the conspiracy.

SMOLENSKY testified that he, together with the recruited participants in the conspiracy, carried out sabotage to disrupt all study plans at the Academy, to disrupt the training of specialists in motors and aircraft, for this purpose a small number of hours were allocated in terms of subjects in the specialties: aerodynamics, flight dynamics, propeller driven group, etc.

Students of the Academy (Faculty of Engineering) were deliberately not provided with manuals and synopses of a special discipline, there were no hours for flight practice, as a result of this, the students of the Academy, completing their thesis, projects on the aircraft, never flew on it and did not know his actions ...

This sabotage was carried out in order to graduate from the Academy defective, insufficiently technically and tactically competent commanders and engineers.

8. NEBENFUR , ex . officer of the Intelligence Department of the Red Army. Interrogated: GOLOVLEV.

Gave initial testimony that he has been a German spy since 1936.

NEBENFUR for work in the Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army was substituted by German intelligence, on whose instructions he organized two failures of the Intelligence Agencyʹs residencies in Vienna in 1929 and in Turkey in 1932.

Since 1926, NEBENFÜR has informed German intelligence about all the tasks of the RKKA Intelligence Directorate for foreign work known to him.

9. LEBEDEV, ex . pom. chief of Chem. management of the Red Army. Interrogated: MASHLENKO.

Gave initial testimony that he has been a participant in an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy since 1936. Was recruited into the conspiracy by the former deputy head of the CPC group at the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) N.S. Berezin. (arrested).

LEBEDEV had an assignment from BEREZIN to create a group to commit terrorist acts against the leaders of the party and the Soviet government. Such a terrorist group LEBEDEV created at the end of 1936 from the following persons: former. engineer of the Artillery Directorate of the Red Army, Trotskyist GLONTSVERG (dismissed from the Red Army, not arrested), early. Department of the Art Department of the RKKA RAZUMOVSKY, former. head laboratory at factory number 51 DAVIDSON (both arrested), former. early Department of Chem. management of the RKKA POPOV (dismissed from the RKKA, not arrested) and former. early Department of Chemical Administration of the RKKA BARANOVA (dismissed from the RKKA, not arrested).

10. BERGOLTS AI, teacher of the Academy of the General Staff. Interrogated: KRIVOSHEEV.

He gave initial testimony that he was a member of the Latvian fascist organization and the military‐fascist conspiracy. He was recruited into the Latvian fascist organization by ALKSNIS in March 1936. ALKSNIS informed BERGOLTS in detail about the activities of the anti‐Soviet Latvian fascist organization, about the goals and objectives of this organization and named to him the leaders of MEZHLAUK, RUDZUTAK, BERZIN, MEZIS (arrested), stating that this leadership included he, ALKSNIS.

After Bergolts was recruited by ALKSNIS into the Latvian organization, ALKSNIS suggested that Bergolts contact OZOL at the headquarters of the Moscow Military District, explaining to him that the Moscow Military District has a leading group of the Latvian fascist organization, which includes: OZOL, OSHLEY, APLOK, YUKAMS and PLAVNEK

(arrested).

Shortly after this conversation, Bergoltz contacted OZOL. OZOL additionally informed Bergolts about the Latvian fascist organization and its structure. He told him that in the Moscow Military District the activities of the members of the Latvian fascist organization are directed by a troika consisting of OZOL, OSHLEY and APLOK (all arrested), who hold meetings discussing issues of subversive sabotage activities in the parts of the Moscow Military District. OZOL told BERGOLTS that, in addition to this troika, there is another, spare, troika, which includes PLAVNEK, YUKAMS, and BERGOLTS is included in the same troika, whose tasks in case of the failure of the first troika is to lead the leadership of the Latvian fascist organization in the Moscow Military District. Further, OZOL said that the Latvian organization had a connection with the participants in the military‐fascist conspiracy and that, in particular, he, OZOL,

After being recruited into the Latvian fascist organization and joining the reserve troika, Bergolts from ALKSNIS received the assignment to widely deploy sabotage in the aviation line. Bergolts was supposed to disrupt the combat training of the fighter brigade of the Moscow Military District in order to disrupt the air defense of Moscow. Carrying out this task, BERGOLTS carried out actively subversive sabotage activities in this direction.

To link subversive activities in units of the Air Force of the Moscow Military District with the special aviation army, at the suggestion of OZOL, Bergolts in June 1936 contacted Khripin (arrested), a participant in an anti‐Soviet military‐fascist conspiracy, with whom he outlined a plan for sabotage. At the same time, Khripin told Bergolts that GRINBERG was also part of the anti‐Soviet military‐fascist conspiracy. head of the Armyʹs Political Directorate, and that they are actively conducting subversive sabotage activities in the Red Army Air

Force Directorate: KAROV (not arrested) and BAZENKOV (arrested). BERGOLTS declares that they were recruited into the military‐fascist conspiracy: early. of the Air Force Headquarters of the Moscow Military District, Colonel LOSKIN and the commander of the MONARCO air brigade (arrested), whom he involved in practical subversive activities. He also knows

Bergoltzʹs interrogations continue.

11. LUKASHEVICH, former. head of the personnel department of the

UMS RKKA. Interrogated by: KUDRYAVTSEV, SHASHKIN.

At a confrontation with a participant in an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy, a former member of the military council of the UMS, Ilyin Lukashevich, confessed to participating in the conspiracy into which

Ilyin was recruited in August 1936. On the instructions of ILYINA LUKASHEVICH, he carried out sabotage activities in the field of personnel of the Naval Forces of the Red Army. LUKASHEVICH carried out a sabotage calculation of the required command personnel to ensure the construction and deployment of a large fleet. He led a line on the preservation of Trotskyite‐Zinoviev and officer cadres in the navy and in the central apparatus of the UMS of the Red Army as a base for recruiting into a conspiracy. Delayed the assignment of military ranks early. composition. He thwarted the plan of organizational measures in the matter of recruiting the rank and file of the fleet. Of the participants in the conspiracy, Lukashevich knows:

1) ORLOV ‐ former. Namorsi (arrested).

2) LUDRI ‐ ex. deputy. Namorsi (arrested).

3) ALYAKRITSKY ‐ former. early Shipbuilding Administration

(arrested).

4) STEPANOV ‐ former. deputy. early the personnel department of the UMS (arrested).

5) CHEMRUKOV ‐ early. departments of the personnel department of the UMS (not arrested).

6) JURKIN ‐ early. of the personnel department of the UMS (not arrested).

Lukashevich knows the last three as recruited by Ilyin.

The interrogation continues.

12. SIMONOV M.V. , ex . time. early AMU RKKA. Interrogated: Meshcheryakov.

Additionally, he showed that on the instructions of the former. deputy. early PU RKKA OSEPYAN (convicted) was supposed to commit a terrorist act over Comrade. VOROSHILOV, for which, with the assistance of OSEPYAN, in 1936 he was transferred to work in the Secretariat of the NGO for especially important assignments under the

Peopleʹs Commissar of Defense.

SIMONOV did not carry out the terrorist attack because of cowardice and returned (without Osepyanʹs knowledge) to work in the AMU of the Red Army.

Simultaneously, SIMONOV received an assignment from OSEPYAN to create a terrorist group to carry out a terrorist attack on Comrade. VOROSHILOV. In carrying out this assignment, Simonov at the end of 1935 and the beginning of 1936 recruited his close comrades P.N. Ryzhikh to the tergroup. ‐ b. inspector of the 3rd department of the AMU of the Red Army, now at the disposal of the Directorate for command personnel (a request to the NKO about his arrest was sent), and KALPUSA B.A. ‐ b. deputy. prev. VSFK (arrested).

13. WALDEN , ex . early Airbrushing Institute GUGVF. Interrogated by: SHCHERBAKOV, POLISHCHUK.

He gave initial testimony that in 1923, while working as the secretary for eastern affairs of the Soviet embassy in Tehran (Persia) and occupying one of the leading positions in the Iranian Communist Party, he was recruited for espionage work in favor of Germany by the former charge dʹaffaires German mission ZOMMER, who later transferred it to the communication of the famous German intelligence officer VASMUS.

On the instructions of VASMUS and ZOMMER, WALDEN carried out espionage activities in Persia against the USSR, and also helped to strengthen German influence in Persian nationalist groups to tear them away from the influence of the British.

Having wide connections in the leading circles of the Iranian Communist Party, WALDEN informed German intelligence about antiparty elements in the ICP, about the composition and activities of Trotskyist groups, about the disagreements that arose between individual leaders and entire groups within the ICP. This was used by German intelligence to recruit their agents and transfer them under the guise of Persian political emigrants to the USSR and to the eastern department of the Comintern, for example:

SULTAN ZADE Avetis Sultanovich (arrested), who previously worked in the Eastern Department of the Comintern as the chairman of the Iranian Communist Party, and recently in the Peopleʹs Commissariat of Light Industry, was connected with WALDEN for espionage activities in favor of Germany and gave him various secret materials. In addition to WALDEN, SULTAN ZADE by espionage work was associated with German spies NAMI, SEID GILANI, KHESABI and others (to be established).

In addition, WALDEN testified that in 1924 he was also recruited for espionage activities and for the benefit of the British ex. British military attaché in Tehran SANDERS, who connected him with one of the British intelligence officers in Tehran MIRZA KERIM KHAN RESHTI.

On the instructions of MIRZA KERIM KHAN RESHTI WALDEN informed the British intelligence about the disagreements among the ICP workers, about the activities of the Trotskyists and persons associated with German intelligence (VASMUS, SOMMER, etc.), which was important for the British in order to fight against German intelligence.

In 1926, before leaving for the USSR, WALDEN received instructions from British intelligence about the nature of his tasks in Moscow. VALDEN was given the task of observing and informing Political Intelligence Service about the activities and connections of Persian political emigrants who worked in Moscow, collecting materials and compiling descriptions of persons connected in one way or another with work in Persia.

In Moscow, WALDEN had an espionage connection with the British intelligence officers HOFMAN, BAGIR ZADE, MANSUTI, INSHAI, and others, which are now being established.

14. EVTUSHENKO, Art. Inspector Art. management of the Red

Army. Interrogated: MASHLENKO.

He gave initial testimony that he had been a member of an anti‐Soviet military conspiracy since May 1936. A former deputy was involved in the conspiracy. head of the AU RKKA ROZYNKO (convicted), from whom he received the assignment to recruit new personnel and carry out sabotage work.

Evtushenko testified that they had been recruited into the conspiracy. early art warehouse number 29 BABANSKY, ex. head of warehouse No. 63 PETRUNIN and former. chief of the artillery depot of the Air Force ABRAMOV (all arrested).

Head of the Secretariat of the NKVD of the USSR, senior major of state security (SHAPIRO)