To Stalin

To Stalin Top Secret Summaries Of The most important testimonies Of Those arrested 1937‐ 1938

Summary of the most important testimonies of those arrested by the directorates of the NKVD of the USSR for April 14, 1938

Archive: AP RF. F. 3. Op. 24. D. 408. L. 45‐63

April 20, 1938

SECRETARY of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) comrade STALIN

I am sending you a summary of the most important testimonies of those arrested by the Directorates of the NKVD of the USSR for April 14, 1938.

Peopleʹs Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR Peopleʹs Commissar for

State Security (EZHOV)

Top secret

FIRST CONTROL

For the 3rd DEPARTMENT

1. PYATNITSKY IA, former department head of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). Interrogated: POLYACHEK, LANGFANG.

Gave initial testimony that he was a member of the Pravotrotskyist k.r. organizations in the Comintern system. He tries to deny his initiative in creating this organization and says that he was drawn into the organization by KNORIN and ABRAMOV‐WORLD.

Pyatnitsky shows that he began his anti‐Soviet work in the period preceding the 14th Party Congress. During this period, he kept in touch with ZINOVIEV.

With the creation of the Zinoviev‐Trotskyist bloc, he, PYATNITSKY, carried out ZINOVIEVʹs orders to liaise with the groups in the fraternal Communist Parties that had contacted the bloc. In particular, at that time, using his position in the ECCI, he forwarded several documents of ZINOVIEV to ROSMER (France). Since that time, the functions of foreign communications in the anti‐Soviet organization lay with ABRAMOV.

In the ECCI, with his participation, a group of the Zinoviev‐Trotskyist bloc was formed, which, in addition to him, included: Bela KUN,

VUEVICH, GURALSKY, LEPESHINSKAYA, KASPAROVA, SAFAROV and others.

The Zinoviev‐Trotskyist bloc with his participation gathered antiSoviet forces in fraternal communist parties. In particular, through him, PYATNITSKY, and ABRAMOV, communication was maintained with the expelled from the Communist Party ROSMER, SUVARIN, TREN and others in France, ISTMEN in America, OVERSTRATEN in Canada, JANSON in Holland, RUT‐FISHER and MASLOV in Germany, etc. ... When the struggle with the right began, he organized ties with them. PYATNITSKY at that time contacted BUKHARIN.

2. FLIG LEO. Interrogated: OSMOLOVSKY.

He gave initial testimony that since 1930 he maintained close ties with Willie MUNZENBERG and carried out subversive work aimed at separating the Communist Youth International from the influence of the Comintern and the All‐Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in order to create an international anti‐Soviet center in Western Europe, which could confront the Communist International.

Together with MÜNZENBERG in 1932, FLIG joined the anti‐Soviet treacherous group of Heinz NEUMAN‐REMMELE, was one of the leaders of this group and carried out illegal work until recently.

Beginning in 1934, together with MUNZENBERG, under the directive and under the leadership of Zinovievite MADYARA, he actively worked to create a bloc of illegal treacherous groups within the KKE with anti‐Soviet and right‐wing groups expelled from the Comintern.

The result of the activities of MÜNZENBERG‐FLIG, acting in conjunction with the emissary TROTSKY, the head of the socalled. ʺMiles Groupʺ by Karl FRANC, was the creation of a united bloc of anti‐Soviet groups, which included, on the basis of the struggle against the Comintern and the Soviet Union, almost all Trotskyist and right‐wing groups and organizations and their agents within the Comintern. According to FLIGʹs testimony, the united Trotskyist‐right bloc includes: Trotskyist group MILESA‐Karl FRANK, Trotskyist‐right group Karl VOLK‐FRENDEL, BRANDLER organization, the so‐called ʺSocialist Partyʺ of WALCHER‐FRELIHIS, which unites essentially the right‐wing and FISHER‐MASLOVA and a number of others. At the same time, through a number of persons who were and were in the leadership of the KKE, this bloc established direct contact with antiSoviet groups that existed within the Comintern:

The MÜNZENBERG apparatus, which controlled a number of publishing houses and international anti‐fascist organizations financed by the Comintern, is used as the material and organizational base of the anti‐Comintern bloc.

All organizations led or under the influence of MUNZENBERG are used by the bloc members to launch a struggle against the Comintern and the All‐Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), to establish appropriate ties and are turned into a place of concentration of antiSoviet forces.

The work of the Trotskyist‐right bloc is also being carried out in the direction of the disintegration of the German emigration, which, on the basis of using dissatisfaction with the harsh conditions of emigration, is pitted against the Soviet Union and the Comintern and is recruited for anti‐Soviet work.

At the same time, work is being carried out in the circles of the left intelligentsia, with special attention being paid to attracting famous writers (Heinrich MANN and others), artists, actors, etc., who are in anti‐fascist positions to the anti‐Soviet bloc.

To this end, the bloc launched propaganda against the Soviet Union and waged a smear campaign in connection with the trials against the Trotskyists and the Rights.

MUNZENBERG conducts espionage work, maintains intelligence and police ties, supplying foreign intelligence agents with information about the activities of the Comintern and the leadership of the KKE. These materials MÜNZENBERG receives from members of the Trotskyist‐Right bloc holding responsible posts in the leadership of the KKE, and, in particular, received such espionage information from the FLIG.

MUNZENBERG is connected with the French ʺSurte Generalʺ, the French General Staff, the information service of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as with fascist circles in Germany, a number of emissaries of the Gestapo.

3. VALENIUS, Finnish political emigrant, former member of the AllUnion Communist Party (Bolshevik), former head of the Scandinavian sector of the international Lenin school of the ECCI. Interrogated by: HARE, SEGAL.

He confessed that in the fall of 1933 he was recruited into an espionage organization by one of the leaders of this organization, PUKKA Väine, who is a student of the Institute of Red Professors (convicted).

The espionage organization included political émigrés who held positions of responsibility in the ECCI apparatus (formerly a member of the Central Committee of the Finnish Communist Party MANER, MALS) and in the apparatus of the government of the Karelian Republic (former Presnarkom GÜLLING, Peopleʹs Commissar USENIUS, commander‐chief of the Karelian Jaeger Brigade.) MATSON and the head of the Karelian Jaeger Brigade. (all condemned).

On instructions from PUKKA VALENIUS gave him information on the International Leninist School. Thus, they were given: a) sector curricula (secret); b) data about students with their real names; c) data on teachers with their real names.

VALENIUS signed the information provided by PUKKA with the nickname ʺMayʺ and ʺGothʺ.

In addition, VALENIUS was recruiting on behalf of PUKKA. So, he was recruited: HELLSTREM and SEREN ‐ a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Sweden (seconded to Sweden).

Were scheduled for recruitment and processed:

1) BAUMAN is an employee of the Scandinavian Lender Secretariat of the ECCI, and

2) GOSTREM Victor is an American Swede.

The final recruitment of these individuals was delayed due to the arrest of PUKKA and other members of the organization.

4. WAGNER K., born in 1897, native of Salzburg (Austria), Austrian, without citizenship, a member of the CPA since 1934 and a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria from 1918 to 1934. Interrogated: REVZIN.

He gave initial testimony that in 1929 the Central Committee of the Social Democratic Party of Austria, represented by Otto BAUER and Julius DEITCH (head of the Social Democratic Party Intelligence Service), issued a directive to all the social. dem. organizations, including the Salzburg regional leadership, represented by Karl EMMINGER (government adviser for police leadership), on establishing contact with the political police. This contact was required ʺin the interests of the political struggle against the Communists and National Socialists.ʺ

To make this contact in Salzburg, a member of the Central Committee of the Socialist. dem. party SHABESOM (political police agent) was recommended as an official officer of the political police FISCHER.

K. EMMINGER gave the task on behalf of the Social Democratic Party to K. WAGNER, who was at that time a member of the Socialist Party. dem. party and trade union functionary, to carry out, together with FISCHER, cooperation of social. dem. parties with political police. K. WAGNER began to carry out this task.

As a result of this contact, by the end of 1929, FISCHER, after appropriate processing, recruited K. WAGNER as secret agents of the political police, warning him that this cooperation would be in the interests of the National Socialists.

In 1934, after the defeat of the uprising and the flight of the Schutzbundites to Czechoslovakia, K. WAGNER, on the instructions of the police, ʺemigratedʺ to Czechoslovakia and infiltrated the Schutzbund community, carrying out espionage work under the leadership of SHABES, a member of the Central Committee of the Socialist. dem the party, the closest employee of Otto BAUER and Julius

DEITCH, who are connected with the police.

On the instructions of the police, WAGNER was introduced in 1934 into the organization of illegal work on the Austro‐Czechoslovak border, conducting this work externally for the Social Democratic, then for the Communist Party, in fact, performing the task of the police.

At the direction of the police, WAGNER joined the Communist Party and in November 1935 left for the USSR with the assistance of SCHRADER, an agent of the Czechoslovak police.

In January 1936, in Moscow, the accused was contacted by an agent of the Austrian political police and an assistant of the Central Committee of the Austrian Communist Party URBAN (not arrested). Under the leadership of URBAN, K. WAGNER conducted anti‐Soviet expansionist work in Moscow among Austrian political emigrants and Schutzbundists. On his own instructions K. WAGNER established contact with the NKVD.

URBAN is connected with the representative of the Austrian Communist Party in the Comintern Ernst FISCHER, the content of this connection has not yet been disclosed by K. WAGNER in his testimony. He pointed out that there was a group around E. FISCHER that was hostile to the leadership of the Comintern and the CPSU (b).

5. GROSSMAN BA , aka SL BOLTS, before his arrest an employee of the 7th department of the GUGB. Interrogated: SMORODINSKY, KUNAKOV.

He gave initial testimony that in 1930 he was recruited by FIRIN Semyon for espionage work in Polish intelligence. On instructions from FIRINA, he acted as a signalman between him and the Polish spy ‐ an employee of the Polish embassy RUDNITSKY.

In 1930, RUDNITSKY connected GROSSMAN‐BOLZ with an agent of Polish intelligence, a worker in the military industry Boris IVANOV (established), from whom he received espionage materials and transferred them to RUDNITSKY.

In 1933 GROSSMAN, together with Polish intelligence agent ZALESSKAYA (FIRINAʹs wife), went to America to work on the INO line. Here, having contacted the Polish agent DEVIS (who worked as a resident of the INO OGPU in America) through ZALESSKA, he acted as a liaison between him and the Polish intelligence officer LEDNITSKY, transferring to the latter copies of the reports of the INO agents in America.

Having been transferred to London, GROSSMAN‐BOLZ established an espionage connection with Polish intelligence agents ‐ INO residents ‐ ʺManʺ and ʺStefanʺ, from whom he received materials and handed them over to the employee of the Polish embassy in London to RUDNITSKY. In the same place in London, GROSSMAN‐BOLZ was associated with an INO resident, an agent of the Polish intelligence LIVENT‐LEVIT V., and a certain Viktor, from whom he received copies of reports from the INO agents and handed them over to RUDNITSKY. (DEVIS ‐ died, FIRIN and ZALESSKAYA ‐ convicted,

IVANOV Boris, ʺManʺ, ʺStefanʺ and Viktor LIVENT‐LEVIT ‐ arrested).

6. LIVENT‐LEVIT VM, former employee of INO residency. Interrogated: FROLOV, BARMINOV.

He confessed that he was an agent of German intelligence.

He gave initial testimony about the circumstances of his recruitment in Berlin in 1928 as an inspector of the KRAUSE police presidium. Used to communicate with the intelligence agent GOLBDENSTEIN (convicted), who worked in Berlin as a resident of the INO, from whom he received spy materials about the work of the residency and transferred them to intelligence.

After the Nazi coup in Germany, he established contact with the Gestapo officer MILLER, under whose leadership he carried out espionage and subversive work. He handed over to MILLER incriminating materials about a number of employees of Soviet diplomatic and trade institutions in Berlin. Based on the materials of LIVENT‐LEVIT, an employee of the NKVT, EFROYKIN, was recruited, who, under the leadership of German intelligence, carried out espionage work on the Comintern and MOPR.

After being transferred to work in the Paris station of INO, LIVENTLEVIT continued to carry out espionage work, maintaining contact with intelligence through the Gestapo agent in Paris, GILLER. He carried out espionage work until recently. Materials about the activities of the INO residency in London were transmitted through the German agent TAYLOR, who established a permanent connection with LIVENT‐LEVIT.

7. EBERLAIN Hugo, former member of the International Control Commission, formerly responsible functionary of the KKE, b. member of the KKE. Interrogated: OSMOLOVSKY.

He gave initial testimony (after a long denial) that during his entire stay in the KKE he carried out active anti‐Soviet work, disintegrating the KKE from within, at the same time assembling anti‐Soviet forces within the KKE and the Comintern in order to oppose the German party of the VKP (b) and tear the Comintern out of ‐under the leadership of the CPSU (b).

Back in 1919, Eberlein fought against the creation of the Comintern, trying to prevent the organization of the Comintern under the leadership of the RCP (b).

In 1920, at the Heidelberg Congress of the KKE, Eberlein, contrary to the directives of LENIN, was actively working to split the party, which resulted in a departure from the party of left‐leaning workers from the independent socialist. Democratic Party.

Occupying a leading position in the KKE and in the armed uprising in Central Germany in 1921, Eberlein, together with Bela KUN, carried out treacherous activities, as a result of which the uprising was turned into an unsuccessful putsch.

In 1922, Eberlein, together with BRANDLER, organized a struggle against the CPSU (b) under the banner of granting greater independence to the individual sections of the

Comintern. Subsequently, this struggle continued using illegal methods and was aimed at inciting anti‐Soviet ʺanti‐Moscowʺ sentiments against the CPSU (b) and the Comintern among the

responsible functionaries of the fraternal parties.

In 1926, with the active participation of Eberlaine, the so‐called. The ʺMittel Groupʺ, which ensured the seizure of the leadership of the KKE by the Trotskyite‐Zinoviev group of RUT FISHER‐Maslov.

Later, with the active participation of Eberlein, the ʺMittel‐groupʺ was turned into an illegal anti‐Soviet group, the so‐called. ʺPrimentsevʺ, which continues to exist to this day and is actively fighting against the CPSU (b) and the Comintern in a bloc with the Trotskyists and the right.

As one of the leaders of the group of ʺpridentsyʺ, Eberlein entered the Trotskyite‐right organization and, according to the directives of PYATNITSKY, sabotage, in the interests of the anti‐Soviet organization, pursued a financial policy in relation to the fraternal parties.

Eberlein has not yet testified about the activities of the anti‐Soviet organization in the Comintern.

For the 4th DEPARTMENT

1. AP GRACHEV, former chairman of the Sverdlovsk regional executive committee. Interrogated: PETROVSKY.

GRACHEV confessed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet organization of the right, in which he was involved by STOLYAROM in 1934‐1935.

In addition to STOLYAR, the anti‐Soviet organization of the right included: LEGKONRAVOV, BERMAN, IVANOV and LOZOVSKY.

As GRACHEV shows, he knew that LEGKONRAVOV was associated with a member of the anti‐Soviet organization of the Right, the former Peopleʹs Commissariat for Land YAKOVLEV, through whom the leadership of the Right in the Kirov region was carried out.

The organizationʹs practical activity consisted of sabotage in agriculture and industry.

All members of the organization took positions of terror.

2. CRAFT E.E. Interrogated: KOGAN, GERZON.

He confessed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet Latvian military organization, in which Y.I. ALKSNIS was involved. and A.G. LEPIN

CRAFT testified that in 1922, at the suggestion of LEPIN, he went to work at the headquarters of the OGPU troops. Even then, LEPIN, on the instructions of ALKSNIS, raised the question that the members of the organization should be distributed among the main military units of the Red Army units. LEPIN spoke about the need to create an antiSoviet group of Latvians in the units of the OGPU troops.

In 1932, as KRAFT shows, he learned from LEPIN that a military‐fascist conspiracy was formed in the army and that Kruchinkin was at the head of the military conspiratorial group in the GUPVO. In 1933, KRAFT, at the suggestion of LEPIN, established a connection with Kruchinkin.

From Kruchinkin, he learned that he (Kruchinkin) was actively recruiting participants in the conspiracy among the employees of the GUPVO apparatus, border and internal troops. Kruchinkin also told KRAFT that the special purpose division was fully prepared for the coup.

Further, CRAFT testified that the following persons were personally involved in the anti‐Soviet Latvian organization: DERBUT ‐ vrid. early UPVO Georgia, and LEPLIS R.K. ‐ ex. early VPSh.

In addition, as members of the anti‐Soviet Latvian organization, he knows the following persons with whom he maintained personal contact: A.A. KOTSIN. ‐ ex. deputy. the secretary of the party committee of the Machine‐Tool Plant in Moscow, and STEINGARDT is an engineer of one of the textile associations.

From among the employees of the GUPVO, according to the testimony of KRAFT, he knows the following participants in the anti‐Soviet military conspiracy: I.K. Barkov. ‐ early. division headquarters; A. S. Desyatov ‐ vreed. early of the combat training department of the GUPVO, and GUSELNIKOV ‐ senior inspector of the combat training department of the GUPVO.

3. BARKOV IK ., Former chief of staff of a separate motorized rifle division of the NKVD. Interrogated: VLADZIMIRSKY, COOPER, MIKHEEV.

I. K. BARKOV pleaded guilty to being an active participant in K.R. military conspiratorial organization headed by YAGODA and formerly. early of the General Staff of the Red Army ‐ Egorov. In r. the organization of BARKS was involved ex. deputy. Beginning GUPVO NKVD KRUCHINKIN in 1934.

BARKOV testified during the investigation that the participants in the said candidate. organizations were:

1) Sergey Kondratyev ‐ ex. commander of OMDON;

2) TOROSCHIN Pavel Vasilievich ‐ OMDON commander;

3) YANKELEVICH ‐ ex. the commander of the cavalry regiment

OMDON;

4) LEBEDEV ‐ ex. early 1st Department of the OMDON Headquarters;

5) GOLKHOV ‐ ex. early OMDON Political Department;

6) BUROV Ivan Alexandrovich ‐ early. 2nd department of GUPVO;

7) DESYATOV Andrey Serafimovich ‐ pom. early department of combat training of the GUPVO;

8) MILOV Kronid Nikolaevich ‐ early. branches of the 2nd department of the GUPVO;

9) ZARIN Alexander Dmitrievich ‐ ex. early 2nd department of GUPVO;

10) DAKSHIN Alexey Nikolaevich ‐ early. Department of Technology, GUPVO;

11) VEDERNIKOV ‐ vred. early Org. branches of the 2nd department of the GUPVO;

12) KORENKOV Nikolay Ivanovich ‐ early. School department of the

Department of Combat Training of the GUPVO.

BARKOV admitted that, being an assistant. early Of the 2nd department of the GUPVO, he carried out subversive and sabotage work along the line of organizational development of the NKVD troops, and while at work as the Chief of Staff of the Separate Motorized Rifle Division of the NKVD, together with the division commander

TOROSCHIN, he conducted practical work on preparing for the anti‐

Soviet mutiny in Moscow.

BARKOV showed that in general terms of a / s mutiny, the development of which was personally directed by EGOROV, a group of conspirators in the Separate Motorized Rifle Division of the NKVD troops was entrusted with the capture of the Kremlin, for which it was supposed to deceive part of this division.

4. GENYAVSKY MA, former chairman of the Chelyabinsk regional executive committee. Interrogated by: LULOV, TERPENTO.

GENYAVSKY pleaded guilty to the fact that since 1932 he has been a member of the K.R. organization of the right in the city of Gorky.

The former was involved in this organization. deputy before Regional Executive Committee OSTROVSKY. The organization was headed by the 2nd secretary of the Regional Committee PRAMNECOM.

The organization consisted of: LARSKY ‐ Secretary of the Regional Executive Committee; PUGACHEVSKY ‐ Secretary of the City Committee; POGREBINSKY ‐ ex. early UNKVD; PAKHOMOV ‐ ex. Peopleʹs Commissariat for Water; ZASHIBAYEV ‐ Deputy. Peopleʹs Commissariat for Water.

With all of the above, with the exception of PAKHOMOV and ZASHIBAEV, GENYAVSKY was personally connected.

The Gorky organization of the right was associated with the Moscow ruling circles of the right ‐ with UKHANOV, SULIMOV and EFUNI, and in their activities to seize the ʺcommand heightsʺ in the Soviet and party apparatus, as well as in their sabotage activities, they were guided by the directives of the listed (UKHANOVA, SULIMOV and EFUNI) ... The main directions of the organizationʹs sabotage activities developed along the lines of agriculture, industry, cooperation and supply.

The question of the seizure of power was associated with the prospect of intervention against the USSR by the fascist states, and on this score between the representatives of these states and the leaders of the c.r. the organization had an agreement. To this end, starting in 1936, the Gorky organization launched its activities with this new orientation in mind, and the center of gravity of sabotage was transferred to the defense industry.

For the 8th DEPARTMENT

1. BUKHGOLTS GL, a former senior engineer of the Research

Automotive Institute, German by nationality, citizen of the USSR. Interrogated: KONONOV, GOLUBEV.

He showed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet sabotage and sabotage organization of the right in the automotive industry and an agent of German intelligence.

At the beginning of 1935, the former chief engineer of the GUTAP ISAKOVICH (convicted) was involved in the anti‐Soviet organization of the right in the automotive engineering industry.

According to the testimony of BUKHGOLBTSA, the following persons were included in the anti‐Soviet organization of the Rights in the GUTAP system:

1) V. B. VAKSOV ‐ Former director of NATI (convicted);

2) I.S. ARTSEBUSHEV ‐ ex. Chief Engineer of the Experimental Plant

NATI;

3) L. M. Rabinovich ‐ ex. head production of the Pilot Plant;

4) ANANIEV Gergiy ‐ ex. head the assembly shop of the Pilot Plant;

5) BEREZKIN ‐ ex. head assembly shop of the Pilot Plant;

6) LAVKO ‐ ex. early foundry of the Pilot Plant;

7) K.A. SHARAPOV ‐ Institute designer (arrested);

8) B.A. LARIONOV ‐ ex. head special production of the Krasnaya Etna plant;

9) V.I. KELLER ‐ ex. head production of the same plant (arrested);

10) G.L. GERTAVEN ‐ ex. early design shop (arrested), and

11) KALYSKO ‐ ex. power engineer of the Krasnaya Etna plant.

BUKHGOLTS testified that he personally recruited V.I. KELLER, L.M. Rabinovich from among the named persons into the organization. and BEREZKIN.

BUCHHOLTS further testified that in 1921 he was recruited for espionage work for German intelligence under the nickname ʺArnoʺ by the resident of this intelligence service FISCHER ‐ a representative of the German Red Cross Society.

Until 1937, BUCHHOLTS was consistently associated, in addition to FISCHER, with the resident of the German intelligence ZSHAUL G.I. ‐ ex. main accountant of the 1st Pencil Factory until 1936 (both abroad). In 1936 BUCHHOLTZ established an espionage connection with a German citizen Margarita BAER (to be established).

On the instructions of the German intelligence, BUCHGOLTS collected and handed over to her spy materials about the state of defense workshops and defense products manufactured by factories: ʺBolshevikʺ in Leningrad for workshop AVO‐5, workshop No. 2 of the Gorky Automobile Plant and workshop No. 2 of the Krasnaya Etna plant, where he worked since 1926.

In 1927, BUCHHOLTS, being drafted into the ranks of the Red Army and serving as a Red Navy sailor of the 62nd Air Squadron of the Baltic Fleet, transferred spy materials to German intelligence about the number and types of aircraft of this squadron, as well as about the location of hangars and airfields.

As the German spy BUKHGOLTS called: V.B. (convicted); Austrian citizen, ex. engineer NATI ZAKS (arrested); M. A. BUZIK ‐ ex. secretary of the technical director of the Pencil factory GAMMERA; the director of this factory, a German citizen

BAER; ex. consultant NATI WEIZMAN and ex. director of the plant ʺKrasnaya Etnaʺ TSUKERMAN A.E. (arrested).

2. POPOV NI, former head of the Main Directorate of Forestry Export of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Forestry, a former

Bundist. Interrogated: RUZIN.

He showed that he joined Trotskyism in 1920 during a trade union discussion and at the same time took part in an illegal conference of Trotskyists convened by RAKOVSKY.

In 1929 POPOV was involved in an anti‐Soviet organization by an employee of Exportles POROM (convicted).

POPOV, together with DANISHEVSKY, POR, an employee of

Exportles in England, AKSENOV, and others (all arrested) carried out a number of sabotage measures. So, knowing that Finland is a competitor to the USSR in foreign forest markets and that our northern forest is especially valued, they sold large quantities of this valuable forest to the Finns, created a syndicate of buyers of Soviet timber from large firms in England, which deliberately narrowed the circle of buyers. Through a member of an anti‐Soviet organization, an employee of the Leningrad port LENTSMAN (arrested), they disorganized and disrupted the timely shipment of the sold timber.

In 1931, while traveling abroad on behalf of PORA POPOV, he gave spy information about the progress of logging and the export of timber to the representative of the German forest company PILTENBURG.

3. GERTSENBERG II , before the arrest director of the Promexport department. Interrogated: BEREZOVSKY, KHOMINSKY.

He confessed that he was a member of the anti‐Soviet Pravotrotskyist organization that existed in the system of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Foreign Trade of the USSR, in which he was involved in 1935, the former. deputy. Peopleʹs Commissariat of Foreign Trade of the USSR

BOYEVY (arrested).

HERTZENBERG carried out sabotage in the sale of Soviet raw materials (manganese ore, platinum, etc.) on the American market, pursuing the goal of disrupting trade relations between the USSR and America.

Further, HERTZENBERG testified that since the spring of 1936 he was an agent of American intelligence, to which he was recruited by the resident of the American intelligence agencies Leonard BOK. He transmitted espionage information to American intelligence about the situation in the USSR and the military orders of the Soviet Union in the ASPnet [1].

In the fall of 1936, HERTZENBERG was recruited for French intelligence by its resident PICHON, to whom he transmitted espionage information about trade operations between the USSR and America.

He named 8 members of the organization ‐ all of them were arrested.

Head of the Secretariat of the NKVD of the USSR, senior major of state security (SHAPIRO)