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  Transcripts from the Soviet Archives VOLUME XIII SECRET REVIEWS 1933

   

The village. Peasantry

Special message of the OGPU on the disclosure of large thefts of grain in Kazakhstan. January 17, 1933

Archive: F. 2. On. 11.D. 1037.L. 49‐50. Copy

January 17, 1933, No. 281185

Top secret

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) Stalin

The plenipotentiary office of the OGPU in Kazakhstan uncovered large organized thefts of grain from the Zagotzerno system in the Kelesky, Karatassky and Bostandyk regions of Kazakhstan.

The investigation established that the organization had stolen 64,300 poods. of bread. 81 people were arrested in the case, and 7000 poods were found in their possession during a search. of stolen bread, the rest of the bread was sold through speculators, mainly in the city of Tashkent. The thefts were organized by a group of kulaks who fled from dispossession and from the place of exile, in collusion with the employees of the Zagotzerno system, led by Simonov, the manager of the Keles inter‐regional office. In order to steal, 10 false cartelsʹ cartels were organized from fugitive fists, allegedly for transporting grain from the hinterland to the station. In fact, all the bread shipped was completely plundered.

To disguise the theft, the organization widely used various kinds of forged documents. Thus, the kulaks, the organizers of the pseudoartels, received fictitious certificates of belonging to the poor for bribes from the local village councils, as a result of which the pseudoartels acted under the banner of the ʺpoor.ʺ Using the same certificates, kulak agents also infiltrated work in collective farms with a special task to steal forms of collective farm documents with stamps and seals. When extracting collective farm documents, the criminal organization drew up official contracts on behalf of the collective farms for the transportation of goods by Zagotzerno. The employees of Zagotzerno who part of the organization were deliberately confused and did not keep records of the grain shipped and received at the station. Previously established accounting books, as well as receipts and expenditures, were destroyed.

The said case was heard by the OGPU Collegium. Of the total of 81 accused, 16 people were sentenced to death, the rest in the majority were sentenced to 10 years in a camp. Deputy OGPU Chairman Prokofiev

F. 2. On. 11.D. 1037.L. 49‐50. Copy .

 

Memorandum of the OGPU on the suppression of mass departures of peasants. January 29, 1933

Archive: F. 2. Op. 11.D. 978.L. 7‐7 rev. Certified copy

January 29, 1933,  No. 141668

Top Secret

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) t. Stalin

To the Chairman of the Council of Peopleʹs Commissars of the USSR, Comrade Molotov

In addition to the message of January 26 this year. We inform you additionally about the results of the operational measures carried out by the local bodies of the OGPU in order to suppress mass exits from Ukraine, the JCC and Belarus.

On the territory of Ukraine from 26 to 29 January this year. operational barriers detained and filtered 5691 people, of which 218 people. Arrested for Ph.D. activities and refusal to return to their place of residence, including 80 instigators and organizers of the flight. The rest were resettled to the places of their former residence. Since the beginning of the operation in Ukraine, 996 people have been arrested.

According to the SKK, 1764 people were detained for the same number, of which 1679 were in the Kuban. Of the total number of detainees, 146 people were screened out, 197 people were sent to their place of residence. And the rest are filtered. Among the detainees were 23 Ukrainians and 3 kulaks who fled from the place of deportation.

On the territory of the Central Black Earth Region, as of January 26 this year, a total of 10,908 people were detained. The filtering seized 563 people. To bring to responsibility for k.‐r. activities and refusal to return to the place of residence. 375 people were selected to be sent to the kulak special settlements of Kazakhstan. 870 people were sent to their place of residence in Ukraine. And selected for dispatch 4396 people [ovek] ‐ in the Ukrainian SSR and 448 people [ovek] ‐ in the SKK.

In the Lower Volga region, since the beginning of the operation, 254 people have been detained, 120 of them Ukrainians, 127 people from North Caucasians and 7 Belarusians. In addition, 155 Ukrainians have been identified and are subject to detention in Stalingrad, 137 people [sheep] from the CCM and 11 Belarusians. A total of 303 people [sheep].

On the territory of the Western region, according to preliminary data, 864 self‐settlers from the Ukrainian SSR and BSSR were identified, who settled in the region in 1932, of which 390 people [sheep] arrived in the course of the last 6 months. 74 people were arrested, including 32 kulaks.

The pickets set up on the borders of Ukraine and Belarus additionally detained 60 Ukrainians who tried to cross into the territory of the Western region. On the railway stations and in the alienation zone, the OGPU TO bodies detained 3158 people on January 25 and 1345 people on January 26, and in total from the beginning of the operation ‐ 6887 people. Of the total number of detainees, 3751 people were sent to their place of residence, the rest are being filtered.

Deputy Chairman of the OGPU Yagoda

Head of the SPO OGPU Molchanov

Right:

Secretary of the STR OGPU Edelman

F. 2. Op. 11.D. 978.L. 7‐7 rev. Certified copy 

  

Memorandum of the OGPU on the work of the deputy. heads of political departments of MTS for the third decade of March 1933 April 12, 1933

Archive:                F. 2. Op. 11.D. 1024.L. 211‐217. Copy

April 12, 1933, No. 50199

Top secret

Operational activities of the deputy. chiefs of political departments for the 3rd decade of March are characterized by the following figures. In total, 929 people were arrested in a decade. Of these: for organized sabotage during sowing (deliberate damage to tractors in the field, sabotage sowing, extermination of horse tax) ‐ 365 people. For theft (mainly crops, fuel and tractor parts) ‐ 466 people. Organization of Ph.D. sabotage during sowing ‐ 84 people. For terror ‐ 9 people. For excesses and perversions ‐ 5 people. Deputy heads of political departments, as a rule, link their operational work with work to eliminate the consequences of sabotage and public exposure of the organizers of sabotage and c. sabotage during sowing.

Wrecking in the tractor fleet

In the structure of MTS and MTM, a number of candidates were identified. White Guard‐kulak groups, which set as their goal, by sabotaging the tractor fleet, to disrupt the implementation of sowing plans. The harmful activities of these groups were expressed in the following: a) defective repair leading to accidents; b) throwing foreign objects into the most important parts of the mechanisms in order to disable the tractor; c) deliberate lack of spare parts; d) deliberate use of old unusable parts in the presence of new ones; e) squandering spare parts, etc.

Typical examples:

Endovskaya MTS (NVK). Opened and liquidated K.‐R. a group aimed at organizing an insurgency and sabotage aimed at disrupting the sowing campaign. For this purpose, the members of the group deliberately did not receive spare parts for the repair of tractors, the available scarce parts were wasted, parts were repaired poorly (cans were inserted into the bushings, worn out bearings were deliberately used). All this led to accidents. 6 people were arrested, including senior agronomist Burakin, re‐emigrant, head. MTM Kamenkov is a former White Army officer, mechanics Shirokov and Frolov.

Novo‐Egorpykskaya MTS (SKK). Deputy of the chief of the [olit] about [department], a deliberate disruption of the deadlines for the completion of repairs at MTS was revealed. It was established that the leading positions in the MTS were seized by a kulak group, consisting of kulaks, sons of dispossessed, former whites, the group was headed by senior mechanic Linnik, a former kulak, a former white guard. In 1931, Linnik, being a tractor driver, got into the party, then promoted to the post of chief mechanic, gathered around him a kulak‐White Guard group and led the subversive candidaterevolutionary. work. During the repair, in addition to the K.R. sabotage, sabotage was practiced. In some tractors that were out of repair, during the inspection, foreign objects were found that would have disabled the tractor on the very first day of sowing. A group of 9 people led by Linnik was arrested. After the arrest, the repairs were completed.

Sartan MTS (Ukrainian SSR). On March 22, when testing the DD tractor No. 108213, an accident occurred. The cause of the accident was a two‐end socket wrench thrown into the rear axle while assembling the tractor. In this regard, the deputy. The head of the department inspected the motors and rear axles of all 15 tractors under repair. The inspection revealed: 1) in the tractor ʺDDʺ No. 108012 in the rear axle housing 2 nuts; 2) in ʺDDʺ [No.] 108105 pliers in the rear axle housing;

3) in ʺDDʺ No. 108121 in the crankcase a large screwdriver; 4) in ʺDDʺ No. 108961, an open‐end wrench in the crankcase; 5) in ʺDDʺ

No. 108041, there are 3 bolts in the crankcase.

These objects could be thrown into the tractor mechanism only during the assembly and repair of tractors, because after assembly, all hatches are screwed. 7 people who assembled these tractors were identified and arrested, incl. Konop Z.K. ‐ a mechanic, the son of a kulak, has a brother ‐ a white officer who emigrated to Bulgaria; two previously convicted of sabotage and one hard‐core truant. The case is scheduled to be heard by a show trial in the MTM workshops.

In Otradnenskaya MTS Deputy. the head of the department was found to be missing 727 pieces. various agricultural machines and equipment. The case of accounting and storage of [agricultural] inventory was depersonalized (the perpetrators are identified through agents). Deputy the head of the department has taken measures to search for inventory. Deputy the chiefs of the [olit] about [departments] for the MTS revealed the facts that the leadership of the MTS and the districts submitted to the higher parties and the soviet bodies of inflated information about their readiness for sowing. Here are some examples:

Rtishchevskaya MTS (NVK). Deputy the head of the p [olit] about the [department] found that, despite the fact that the repaired MTS tractors were accepted by a commission consisting of: Director of MTS Kilin, senior] mechanic of MTS Chepenko, head. MTS Evteev, engineer at the Rtishchevo Belavin depot, baker Arbuzov, out of 35 tractors that were out of repair, only 2 were suitable for work. The rest have defects that make it impossible to go out into the field. When asked why director Kilin and senior mechanic Chepenko asked why they accepted unrepaired tractors from repairs, Chepenko replied: ʺIt was necessary to get money from the State Bank, and the acceptance of the repaired tractors was carried out formally, without inspection and running‐in.ʺ Keelin confirms this. The question about the fraudsters ‐ members of the admission commission ‐ was raised in the PKK.

Glikstal MTS (Ukrainian SSR). As a result, produced by the deputy. The chief of the p [olit] about the [section] of the inspection of the tractor fleet found that the MTS directorate gave false information about the number of repaired tractors. Along with this, it was found out that among the repaired tractors there are 20 ʺFPʺ, obviously unsuitable [for] work. The facts of deliberate (in pursuit of deadlines) deterioration in the quality of repairs with the approval of the management of MTS and MTM, complete absence of organization and management of repairs were established. The reject officer, who is also the senior mechanic of MTM, P.I. Vilchinsky, was arrested.

Razdorskaya MTS (Ukrainian SSR). As a result of the fraud of the regional organizations, which in the fall of 1932 provided the higher authorities with false information about the amount of area sown for winter, the MTS found itself in an extremely difficult situation. The sowing information was exaggerated for the district as a whole by 1,500 hectares, which was clarified only on March 15, 1933. Wishing to make up for the undersowing in the fall, the district proposed to the MTS to increase its sowing plan by 656 hectares at the expense of undeveloped land and black fallows. There is no seed. In addition, the expansion of the sown area can only be due to the 2728 hectares under fallow, which, according to the directive of the Peopleʹs Commissariat for Land, cannot be used for a spring wedge. There is no undeveloped land in the area of MTS operations. Increasing the plan a few days before sowing causes fermentation among collective farmers.

Activity of Ph.D. elements in collective farms

Deputy chiefs of p [olit] about [departments] identified a number of candidates ‐ r. groups and individuals in collective farms, served by the MTS, who conducted c.‐r. work on the decomposition of collective farms. The activity of these elements was expressed in the following:

1)  physical destruction of livestock, first of all, taxes (poisoning, deliberate leaving without feed, beating, etc.);

2)  bringing the livestock to a state of extreme exhaustion and absolute unsuitability for work (improper feed, causing serious illness, poor care, etc.);

3)  organization of sabotage of seed dumping and theft of seed;

4)  theft of collective farm property;

5)  decomposing K.‐R. agitation sharpened against spring sowing (calls for absenteeism in the field, for the analysis of livestock, for sabotage against the delivery of seed; spread of provocative rumors, etc.). Characteristic facts:

Belomechetskaya MTS (SKK). Deputy the chief of the p [olit] o [section] was opened and liquidated by the kulak k.‐r. a group engaged in sabotage on collective farms served by MTS. Despite the availability of feed, the group has brought the livestock to extreme depletion. As a result, on the collective farm. Budyonny, 235 heads fell. The group campaigned against backfilling and called for houseto‐house tax clearance. The same group on March 20 thwarted the first day of sowing. Deputy the head of the police department was liquidated.

Konstantinovskaya MTS (SKK). Organized by K.‐R. sabotage in collective farms served by MTS. On the collective farm. Andreeva, a wrecking White Guard kulak group was discovered and eliminated. As a result of sabotage: 1) the working cattle of the collective farm are exhausted to the point of being completely unfit for work; 2) the bull‐producer is poisoned; 3) a working ox is poisoned; 4) the field office was set on fire; 5) 70% of the grain is covered. 5 people were arrested, including 4 former White Guards and 1 former merchant.

On the collective farm. Molotov also opened and liquidated the White Guard c. a group that, by its sabotage actions, has brought cattle to a state of absolute unsuitability for spring sowing.

Selidovskaya MTS (Ukrainian SSR). An attempt to provoke collective farmers to a / c performance was revealed. In with. Galitsinovka the manager of the commune Malik maliciously perverted Comrade Stalinʹs speech at the congress of collective farmers, tried to provoke the analysis of the collective farm herd, convincing the communal women that, according to Comrade Stalinʹs instructions, the commune was obliged to provide each member of the commune with a cow. The commune government, under pressure from the communes, began to distribute the cows. After the distribution of cows by the political department was suspended, the communal women in a group of 20 people came to the board, stubbornly seeking to give them the distributed cows. The same Malik, taking advantage of the delivery from Art. Dzhankoy from the collection point of a heavily clogged seed loan, distributed among the members of the artels to them. Shevchenko and Petrovsky, rumors that the higher authorities are deliberately sending the collective farmers a clogged seed loan.

An instruction was given on the immediate arrest of Malik and the investigative identification of the organized candidate‐r. activities.

Lopatinskaya MTS (NVK). Deputy the chief of the p [olit] about the [department] found that on the collective farm ʺInternationaleʺ Ph.D. the kulak group tried to sabotage the seed filling. Kulaks Tyukov, Saldyn, Demin, Dmitriev and Atskaev categorically refused to fill in the seeds, convincing the other collective farmers to follow their example. The kulak group has been liquidated.

The activity of the kulak and other c.‐r. elements during sowing

From the very first days of sowing, the activity of C.‐R. groups and individuals, aimed at disrupting sowing. As a result, K.‐R. the actions of the kulak‐White Guard element stopped the tractor, which disrupted the rate of sowing (deliberate breakdowns and untimely delivery of fuel); the fulfillment of quality indicators was disrupted (the norms of plowing and sowing were not met, deliberate undersowing was created, flaws were left, etc.); the seed was plundered, the tax was deliberately misused, driven, etc. Provocatively using industrial difficulties, Ph.D. elements organize group refusals from work. In a number of cases, during searches, significant food supplies were found at the initiators of the refusal to work on the grounds of food insecurity. There was a case of deliberate poisoning of collective farmers (the poison was injected into lunch together with salt) on the collective farm. Chubar in Ukraine. Activities of Ph.D. elements in the course of sowing was facilitated by the lack of sowing management from the direction of a number of MTS, collective farm boards and agricultural staff. Facts were noted when the management of MTS and collective farms for a number of days did not know anything about the sowing process, did not appear in the field and did not receive any information about sowing (MTS: Tiraspolskaya, Baltskaya, Balakleevskaya, Tsarekonstantinovskaya, Brigadirovskaya ‐ Ukrainian SSR, Armavirskaya, Crimean , Maikop, Yegoryanskaya ‐ SKK).

Belyaevskaya MTS (Ukrainian SSR). During seeding revealed a wrecking repair tractor, whereby there have been lengthy downtime tractors, published in the field (2 to 4 hours to 1 ¹ / 2 days). It has been established that in a number of cases the accidents are the result of sabotage by K.‐R. elements from among the tractor drivers seeking to disrupt the sowing. On the night of April 1, all tractors did not work, because the tractor driver Areskul persuaded the other tractor drivers to quit their jobs, demanding better nutrition. Areskul is arrested.

Brigade No. 5 (has 4 tractors). Tractor No. 11 did not run for 36 hours (faulty crankshaft). Tractor No. 12 stood for 10 hours (fingers popped out and the bearing melted). Tractor No. 20 on March 31 stood for 24 hours due to the fault of the tractor driver Muzychenko, who did not pour oil into the tractor, as a result of which the bearings melted. Under the influence of Muzychenkoʹs agitation, the tractor drivers refused to eat, demanding better nutrition. Muzychenko was arrested.

Collective farm ʺ17th party conferenceʺ. Brigade No. 4. On March 29, 2 tractors stood for almost 10 hours for lack of fuel, because Collective farmers Demidov and Visloyan, sent for fuel, got drunk on the way and did not deliver fuel in time. Demidov and Visloyan were arrested.

Collective farm them. Stalin. Brigade No. 1. Tractor No. 2 stood for several hours (the locking bolt jumped out), on March 30, tractor No. 3 suffered an accident due to the fault of the tractor driver Chernysh, who did not pour oil into the crankcase (the bearing melted, the camshaft broke into 3 parts, the upper part of the crankcase burst). Chernysh was arrested.

Einskaya MTS (SKK). When checking the reasons for not fulfilling the sowing rate, the sabotage of the kulaks, who made their way into the number of tractor drivers, was revealed. So, the foreman of the eighth brigade, Vlasov P.I., a former kulak, a White Guard, deliberately did not fulfill the plowing rate. In three days of work with six tractors, only 35 hectares were plowed, while the rate was set at 39 hectares per day. Along with this, Vlasov, together with three tractor drivers, was engaged in the theft of grain. Vlasov and the tractor drivers were arrested.

The brigade leader of the 7th brigade, Zhukov Fedor, a former kulak, on the first day of plowing broke the blades and spoiled the magneto. The tractor driver of his brigade, Krokhin, smashed a block of tractors, broke a sowing plant and stole grain. Zhukov and Krokhin were arrested. In brigade No. 6, the tractor driver Zhukov, a former kulak, deliberately melted a bearing. The tractor driver of the same brigade, Barkovsky, did not work for five hours, claiming that the tractor was in malfunction, there was no fuel. During the inspection, it turned out that the tractor was in good working order, and there was enough fuel. In addition to sabotage, Zhukov and Barkovsky called on the brigade for organized sabotage. Zhukov and Barkovsky were arrested.

Otradnenskaya MTS (SKK). From the side of K.‐R. elements were attempts to sabotage the sowing. So, the collective farmers of the collective farm. Krupskaya did not go to work, explaining their absence from lack of food. It was found that most of the collective farmers who shouted about the lack of food had bread and other products. The initiators of the sabotage ‐ the kulaks and the former whites who had crept into the collective farm ‐ were arrested and an investigation is underway. The general meeting excluded 32 farms from the collective farm.

Karachaevskaya MTS (SKK). 6 cases of collective farmersʹ refusal to work were recorded in different collective farms, who declared: ʺThe collective farm is not coercive, we want to work, we want not.ʺ Those who refused to work were arrested.

Krasnograd MTS (Ukrainian SSR). April 1, 1933 in the village. Abazovka on the collective farm. Chubar, 37 collective farmers were poisoned (three of them were severe poisoning). The called medical commission established that the poisoning was caused by arsenic, which was in food: breakfast and lunch.

On April 1, cooking and eating on the collective farm took place in five places, and poisoning occurred only in one place (in the farmyard). The investigation established that arsenic was mixed with salt. Deputy the head of the p [olit] o [department] were arrested: storekeeper Skrypnik, who gave out salt, cook Myagkogolova, who received salt in the pantry and salted lunch (the day before she was dismissed), and the supplyman Myagkogolov (who received arsenic on March 21 in Krasnograd for collective farm and stole 2 kilos). An accelerated investigation is underway.

Deputy OGPU Chairman Agranov

Head of the SPO OGPU Molchanov

Dispatched:

1) Stalin; 2) Kaganovich; 3) Krinitsky.

F. 2. Op. 11.D. 1024.L. 211‐217. Copy .

 

Special message of the OGPU about the plight of the Kazakh nomads. July 9, 1933

Archive: F. 2. On. 11.D. 1025. L. 102‐105. Certified copy

No. 50437

Top secret

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) t. Stalin

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) c. Kaganovich

Chairman of the SNK USSR c. Molotov

According to the PP OGPU of Central Asia, the number of Kazakhs who migrated from Kazakhstan to Uzbekistan has almost doubled over the past month and a half (from 8612 farms on April 15 to 16509 farms on June 1) and continues to grow. Nomads, for the most part, go to the main grain and livestock regions and settle around the largest state farms. More than 6,000 farms are concentrated in areas around Tashkent and Samarkand. Around the three grain sovkhozes of Uzbekistan (ʺGalla‐Aralʺ, ʺUdarnikʺ and ʺYakkabagʺ), there are 2,535 nomadic farms.

All nomads arrive almost without livestock, with only a small number of camels used as a means of transportation. Most of the nomads wander in whole auls, clans and alone from region to region in search of more grain and pastureland. Their financial situation is difficult, epidemic diseases are widespread among them.

A significant part of the nomads is engaged in haulage and sometimes agricultural work in state farms. The number of permanent workers among them is insignificant. A minority trades in begging, cattle theft and robbery on collective and state farms. Criminality has been on the rise in recent years, with cases of armed robbery and attacks by nomads on the local population noted. In connection with the approaching harvesting of grain, an influx of criminal and declassified elements to the state farms is noticed. According to all data, the influx is explained not only by the calculations for the hiring of labor by the state farms during harvesting, but also by the purpose of plundering grain. Last year, in the Yakkabag state farm alone, about 1,500 centners of grain were plundered during the harvest.

Theft of livestock and bread by nomads from state farms has already become more frequent. The protection of crops in state farms from theft is clearly insufficient. The influx of Kazakhs from nomads to the regions of Uzbekistan and the increasing frequency of thefts and robberies caused an increase in national antagonism between Kazakhs and Uzbeks. Quarrels often arise, ending in massacres and vigilancies over Kazakhs suspected of stealing. In some cases, Uzbeks rob the Kazakhs, taking away their livestock.

The ASE, using the influx of Kazakhs and the individual robberies committed by a criminal element from the Kazakhs, incite the local population to reprisal against the ʺKazakhs who steal children, rob the population.ʺ In some areas, the population provoked by the ASE refused to send their children to schools (Bek‐Budinsky district), appealed to the district party committees with a request to rid them of the Kazakhs.

Local nationalists use the plight of the nomads for anti‐Soviet chauvinistic agitation, which boils down to the fact that ʺthe Soviet government will soon bring the Uzbeks to the same state as the Kazakhs.ʺ Among the nomadic Kazakhs, there are many Baysky and k.‐r. element, in every possible way exploiting the nomads, leading the c.‐r. agitation, organizing gangster and cattle‐abducting gangs (we seized the identified Baysky and c.‐r. element).

Attention is drawn to the ugliness committed among the nomads of all kinds by authorized RICs and other bodies of Kazakhstan and the republics of Central Asia. Having mandates with unlimited powers and the right to confiscate the property of bays and collect taxes from the Kazakh population, such representatives completely ignore the local Soviet and party organizations, rob and ruin the Kazakhs, appropriating large sums of money for themselves. So, for example, authorized Dyldybaev, having a mandate from the responsible brigade of the Kazakh regional committee of the CPSU (b) and the Kazakh CEC, collected and appropriated about 50,000 rubles. (Dyldybaev has been arrested, the case is under investigation, we attach a copy of his mandate).

The decrees of the government and the Central Asian Bureau of the Central Committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on the economic structure of nomads in many areas remained on paper, land was not allocated to nomads, no help was provided to the sick, explanatory work was not conducted among nomads.

The Central Asian Bureau of the Central Committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks informed the Central Asian Bureau of the Central Committee of the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks about the situation of the Kazakh nomadic peoples and raised the issue of the need to verify that the regions fulfill the decisions of the Central Asian Bureau on the economic structure of the nomads and ensure the protection of crops in state and collective farms from plunder.

At the same time, the PP of the OGPU is carrying out the identification and arrest of Ph.D. Bay organizers of robberies and embezzlements.

Deputy OGPU Chairman Agranov

F. 2. On. 11.D. 1025. L. 102‐105. Certified copy.  

OGPU report on the progress of the harvest campaign, as of

August 15 and 20, 1933.

Archive: F. 2. Op. 11.D. 1017. L. 208‐234. Certified copy

August 23, 1933

No. 154575

Top secret

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) t. Stalin

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) c. Kaganovich

Chairman of the Council of Peopleʹs Commissars of the USSR c.

Molotov

I am sending you notes by direct wire and special messages:

on the progress of the harvesting campaign in the VSK, as of August

20, 1933;

on the progress of cotton hilling in Central Asia, as of August 15,

1933;

on the progress of harvesting and grain delivery in the Western region. and TsCHO, according to data on August 15, 1933.

on the progress of cleaning in the Russian districts of the SKK, as of August 15, 1933

Deputy OGPU Chairman Prokofiev

NOTE ON DIRECT WIRE

PP OGPU on VSK

To the head of the SPO OGPU t. Molchanov

Zam. Chairman of the OGPU t. Prokofiev

The steam plowing plan along the edge was fulfilled by 113.1%

Collective farms fulfilled the plan by 118.3%, collective farms serviced by MTS [by] 98.5%, individual farmers ‐ 78.6%, state farms of the Peopleʹs Commissariat of State Farms ‐ 51.4%.

In the course of the haymaking campaign and preparation for harvesting in a significant part of the regions, the turning point was not achieved, due to weak leadership from the regional organizations and the influence of c. element.

The plan of hay harvesting by the region is 59.5% fulfilled (1 289 178 ha harvested). Collective farms fulfilled the plan by 71.7%, state farms IKS ‐ 47.4%. BIS mowed 203,103 hectares, or 31.6% of the plan.

In 7 districts, 2 state farms, 147 cases of absenteeism from haymaking and leaving field work were registered in the last five days. On the ʺShine‐Azhilʺ collective farm of the Mukhorshibir district, the collective farmers in an organized manner refused to work, demanding bread. On the collective farm. Voroshilov, Alar aimag, haymaking has been suspended, preparations for harvesting are not underway, collective farmers go to the village council in groups, demanding bread. Operators and regional activists were sent to the field.

As of August 20, 18 districts (16 western and 2 eastern) were partially included in the harvest, 10 208 hectares were harvested, or 0.9% of the plan. As a result of the obviously unsatisfactory preparation of the motor‐tractor fleet, harvesting machines and poor organization of human personnel, the pace of harvest is clearly unsatisfactory. The poor quality of the repair of harvesting machines and tractors, the lack of spare parts and fuel cause downtime of tractors and breakdowns of agricultural harvesting machines. In 7 districts, 6 MTS, 1 state farm, due to lack of spare parts, 196 reapers, 55 harvesters, 195 threshers and 81 winnowing machines have not been repaired. In the Nukutsk MTS of the Alar aimag, 50% of the tractor fleet requires repair, the harvesting machines are not being repaired, the threshers are not attached to the currents. In the Tunkinskaya MTS, due to the lack of fuel and lubricants, the tractor fleet does not work, the reapers have been repaired by 30%, the threshers have been repaired by 45%, there are no cleaning plans. In the Tolstikhinskaya MTS of the Uyarsk District, reapers have been repaired by 60%, threshers by 24%, and carts by 62%.

In 9 districts over a five‐day period, 48 cases of cutting ears, harvesting and grinding unripe bread for food were again registered. Collective farms of the Dzerzhinsky District (Kuraiskaya MTS) have harvested and ground immature rye from an area of 144 hectares for food. In 3 collective farms of the Belaya MTS, 5.5 hectares of unripe rye were harvested, in the collective farms of the Nizhneudinsky region unripe rye from an area of 3.5 hectares was harvested and used for food. An investigation is underway on all these facts.

In the Dzerzhinsky district, 9 cases of shearing of ears were registered in collective farm fields. The cut is done by the children of individual farmers. On the collective farms of the Urin MTS of the Kansk region, 11 cases of cutting ears and theft of potatoes were registered. In with. Bolshaya Urya individual peasant Blinkov stole 50 sheaves of collective farm rye (sentenced to 10 years). In 20 collective farms of the Taseevskaya MTS, the facts of cutting ears and theft of potatoes by individual farmers were noted. All the facts of embezzlement are under investigation, measures have been taken to strengthen the protection of collective farm fields.

In 5 districts, 2 state farms, 1 MTS, facts of fraud and direct deception of the state in terms of determining the yield were revealed. The management of the Sayan grain state farm of the Uyarsk region, together with the commission, reduced the yield by 29,751 centners, and winter rye on an area of 1,680 hectares is shown as dead. An investigation is underway. At the Balay pig farm, at the initiative of the IKS controller Trumov, deputy. director

Petrov and the secretary of Trofimovʹs cell, the yield of all crops was set at 2.6 quintals per hectare, and the actual yield for rye ‐ 11.9 quintals, wheat ‐ 12.8 quintals, oats ‐ 12.4 quintals, they also drew up a fictitious death report 30 ha of rye. The perpetrators were brought to justice. In the Shitkinsky district, the RIK planner Yemelyanov, a former White Guard, an administrative exile, in order to reduce the norms of grain deliveries, understated individual farmers by 629 centners, and collective farms by 3180 centners. Yemelyanov was arrested. Partizansky s / s of Verkhneudinsky district, in order to cover undersowing, the yield of winter wheat was reduced by 65%, spring wheat by 50%, barley ‐ 75%, oats ‐ 80%. An investigation is underway. In the collective farm ʺKrasny khleborobʺ of the Ilansk region, the yield of wheat has been reduced by 480 centners, rye ‐ 90 centners, oats ‐ 1686 centners. The management of the Tolstikhinskaya MTS reduced the yield of wheat by 3.1 centners, rye ‐ 2.3 centners, oats ‐ 7 centners, barley ‐ 5.2 centners, millet ‐ 2.2 quintals per hectare. An investigation is underway. Along with this, in the Alar aimag, the chairman of the Golovinsky s / s Nefedov, in order to cover the undersowing, increased the grain supply plan by 3 times. Nefedov was dismissed from work, an investigation is underway. No. 12854.

Zirnis

DIRECT WIRE NOTE

from Tashkent

To the head of the SPO OGPU T. Molchanov

As of August 15, the second hilling along the edge is 97.1%, the third is 87.5%, and the fourth is 40%. Kara‐Kalpakia is especially lagging behind, which has fulfilled the plan for the third hilling only by 51.7%. Geok‐Tepin and Bakharden districts have completed the plan for the third hilly area. 11 districts of Uzbekistan completed the third hilling by 60%, 39 districts have not yet started the second hilling. In connection with the directive of the Central Committee and the Council of Peopleʹs Commissars of the Union on the completion of the third hillock by August 1, the Central Committee of Turkmenistan announced a two‐decade aid to collective farms. Organizing groups have been sent to the Ilyalinsky, Porsinsky, Tashauzsky, Chardzhuysky, Deinausky districts to help the political departments of the MTS, the workers of the district [on] party activists, 100 Komsomol members, 150 bookkeepers and economists have been sent to collective farms. 40 workers left for the Merv region to help the sponsored collective farms. 16 district workers were sent to the Naryn region in order to increase the pace of the 4th okuchka, 35 people from the regional community were thrown into 74 collective farms in deep breakthroughs. As a result of the measures taken, some shifts in cotton processing are already noticeable. So, in 7 districts they have completely finished the third hilling, 36 districts have covered over 90%.

In a number of districts, in connection with a breakthrough during the third and fourth okuchek, the leadership has demobilized and is orienting in advance to a smaller cotton harvest compared to last year (Gurlensky, Ak‐Darinsky, Pai‐Aryk, Srednechirchiksky, StaroBukhara districts). The secretary of the Namangan City Committee announced a month‐long harvest festival ʺSailʺ, which distracted the masses of collective farmers from finishing the processing and watering of cotton. Through the Central Committee of Uzbekistan, we have taken measures to reduce the holiday to 5 days.

In the Chardzhui, Kerkin and Tashauz group of regions of Turkmenistan, the situation with cotton processing is bad. Farabsky, Kaakhkinsky, Iolatansky and other districts are especially lagging behind, which for the third time covered from 8 to 38% of the plan. In Tezhensky district, the third hillock has not yet begun. Kilatan region systematically ignores agricultural activities, out of 8000 hectares only 160 hectares are cropped, 1000 hectares are cultivated. In Tajikistan, the Central Committeeʹs directive on the compulsory implementation of 4 hillocks was disrupted. In the southern regions, the fourth hilling was completed only by 5.3%, with the average republican ‐ 32%. In the Jilikul region of the RK, the All‐Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and RIK report on the completion of the third hilling, with the actual completion of it by 81%. Of the 65 collective farms in the region, only one has started the fourth hilling.

In some regions of Fergana, Khorezm, Uzbekistan, part of the southern regions of Tajikistan, part of the Tashauz, Kerkin regions of Turkmenistan, the quality of the pellets is low. In some areas, cotton was not at all subjected to hilling. On the collective farm ʺKzyl‐Kakhramanʺ of the Namangan region, all three hillocks are poorly conducted, the cotton is overgrown with weeds. In four collective farms of the Khojaabad section of the Pap district, the quality of processing does not ensure the yield. In the Gissar region of Tajikistan, the team of the Cotton Tractor Center rejected the second hillock, carried out on an area of 700 hectares. Senior and district agronomists are held accountable. Pom. the director of MTS received a severe reprimand with a warning.

On the collective farm ʺTezadurmyshʺ of the Tashauz district of Turkmenistan, 10 hectares of cotton were not piled up at all. The board is inactive. The situation is similar in the Azad collective farm.

In some areas of the Kokand group of regions of Uzbekistan, the Tashauz district of Turkmenistan, the southern regions of Tajikistan, there are facts of fraud, giving exaggerated information about the progress of hilling. From the collective farms of the Rishtan region of Uzbekistan, which reported on the completion of the second hilling, the ketmen workers were transferred to breakthrough collective farms, later it turned out that these collective farms themselves are in a breakthrough. Similar facts take place in the Bashkapinsky sector, from where the authorized representatives were transferred. On the collective farm. Karl Marx of the Porsinsky region (Turkmenistan), the deceit is expressed in the fact that cotton is completely huddled near the village council, the office of the collective farm and roads, and in the depths of the fields no hilling was done. Informed by the RK.

Collective farms ʺGalal‐Alloyarovʺ, them. Kalinin, Kunya‐Urgen district, the statistical data was exaggerated by 50%, thinning was carried out without hoeing and cultivation.

The first irrigation was completed by 98.5%, the second by 83.7%, the third by 48.4%, and the fourth by 18.4%. Kara‐Kalpakiya is in a deep breakthrough, fulfilling the second plan by 78.2%, the third ‐ by 24.2%. In some districts of Fergana, Khorezm of Uzbekistan, in the Chardzhuy region of Turkmenistan, the Kurgan‐Tyubinsk, Aral, Dzhilikul, Shaartuz regions of Tajikistan, the situation with cotton irrigation is unfavorable, irrigation is poorly prepared, water is stolen, spent irrationally: wastelands, roads are filled, watered, in the first place, other cultures. Certain areas, in order to obtain a large amount of water, reduce the data on the watered area. As a result of a lack of water, the cotton spud is delayed, a gap between irrigation and sprinkling and partial drying of the cotton is obtained.

In the Rishtan region of Uzbekistan, over the past decade, 1060 hectares of water were released for irrigation, 800 hectares were watered, the rest was thrown into wastelands. The district committee and the political department of MTS do not react enough to such facts. In the Kokand region, the party leadership, for insurance purposes, claims a loss of 10‐15% of the yield, due to untimely water supply, experts reject this version. In Mulkabad district, the main cotton plot systematically lacks water and 800 hectares of cotton are under the threat of drying. Meanwhile, the other three sites were literally flooded with water, roads were flooded and various crops were watered. At the height of the irrigation campaign, an agronomist and a deputy left the Naimancha plot. director of MTS, as a result, theft of water began. The chairman of the collective farm Ishanich voluntarily overloaded the water and put it on the fields of his collective farm, which did not require irrigation. The collective farm did the same to them. Alikhodzhaeva. Due to the lack of water, the collective farms ʺKyzyl‐Ferganaʺ and others overdried 100 hectares of cotton. The material was transferred to the prosecutorʹs office.

In the Margelan region, the water for the second irrigation was completely released, only 50% was watered, the rest of the water was discharged into wastelands. Collective farm them. Stalinʹs road and two hectares of empty land are flooded, while cotton remained under‐watered.

In the Fergana region under the influence of K.‐R. part of the cotton element remained under‐watered, there is a threat of massive premature opening of the bolls. On the collective farm. Stalin, through the fault of the brigadier‐kulak, 58 hectares of cotton were dried. The foreman is held accountable. In Fergana, the chairman of the Kuva RIC unauthorizedly knocked down the locks of the water divider and let water into the territory of Kuva. In the Chardzhui districts of Turkmenistan, an untimely hilling of watered fields is carried out, as a result, part of the cotton perishes. On the collective farms. Kalinin, ʺKzyl‐Askerʺ, ʺKomsomoletsʺ, ʺUdarnikʺ of Ayat region due to untimely processing, 25 hectares of cotton dried up. On the collective farms ʺMarch 8ʺ, them. Ene Kuliyeva, Deinausky district, hoeing of watered fields is not performed, a significant part of the sowing dries up. The chairman of the Kolkhoz named after V.I. Ene Kulieva and the foreman. In 10 collective farms in the Aral region of Tajikistan, under‐watered cotton turns yellow, water is spent on melons, breaks through dams and goes to the road. An investigation is underway. In the Jilikul region, due to the cessation of water supply by Vakhshstroy, cotton is under the threat of drying. Action is being taken.

In the collective farm ʺKzyl Nishonʺ of the Shaartuz region, cotton is not watered enough, because the bulk of the water is taken by the ginnery that sowed the rice.

In the three republics, 45 787 hectares of crops are infected with ticks and other agricultural pests, incl. in Uzbekistan ‐ 43,000 ha, Turkmenistan ‐ 2,055 ha, Tajikistan ‐ 732 ha. 72% of the infected area was treated in Uzbekistan, 32.8% in Turkmenistan, 28.4% in Tajikistan, 88.5% in Kyrgyzstan, 71.6% in Kara‐Kalpakia. In general, 60% have been worked out along the edge. There are poisonous materials and equipment, but the rate of processing due to poor organization of work is unsatisfactory, especially in Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. In the Kokand region of Uzbekistan, the manager and technician of the MTS were brought to trial for sabotage and disruption of the distribution of toxic materials.

In six regions of Tajikistan, 2,127 hectares of cotton died from hail, non‐emergence and under‐sowing.

In Uzbekistan, instrumental measurement of 22% of the total sown area of cotton revealed an undersowing of 2.6%. In Turkmenistan, in 12 districts measuring 10% of the sown area and in 13 districts measuring 100% of the area, an average undersowing of 1.5% was revealed. In Tajikistan, by sampling of 21 districts, an average under‐seeding of 5.8% was revealed, in Kara‐Kalpakia, in 9 districts, 100% by a measurement of the sowing area, an under‐seeding of

4.8% was revealed. No. 211309.

Paradise

DIRECT WIRE NOTE from Smolensk

To the head of the SPO OGPU T. Molchanov

T. Agranov

As of August 15, 1396,200 hectares of grain were harvested, or 56.1% of the plan. In the first place in Kosovo are the collective farms that have fulfilled 56.1 [%] of the plan, then individual farmers ‐ 55%, the state farms, which have fulfilled the plan by only 31.7%, are significantly behind. Harvested grain in all sectors 52.5%, including, collective farms ‐ 50.3%, individual farmers ‐ 57.1%, state farms ‐ 32% of the plan. Only 25.2% of the mown bread is threshed. Collective farms are the first in threshing, with 27.6% threshed, followed by state farms with 24.4%, and individual farmers in last place with 21.8%.

The main drawback during the harvesting campaign is the gap between mowing, harvesting and threshing, which, in the presence of rainy weather, significantly slows down the rate of grain yield and increases crop losses.

Attention is drawn to the extremely variegated growth rates of mowing in individual regions. For example, in the Novozybkovsky district, the increase over the last five days was 50.7%, Pochepsky ‐ 14.4%, Navlinsky ‐ 3.1%. In a number of collective farms that have distributed grain from the first threshing according to workdays, there are tendencies towards a decrease in threshing rates. Some collective farm leaders declare: “Now we are provided with bread, there is no hurry to thresh (Safonovsky and other districts).

There are facts of refusal of collective farms (Safonovsky, Sebezhsky, Velikolutsky, etc.) from machine harvesting, due to their unwillingness to pay MTS in kind, and threshing with horse and hand threshers. In some areas, the collective farms, motivating the crop failure, are delaying harvesting and threshing, expecting a decrease in grain supplies.

There are still tendencies on the part of individual collective farms to evade payment in kind for MTS services. In some areas, these tendencies are due to the incorrect calculation of payment in kind by the MTS. Thus, for 25 collective farms in Yartsevsky district, through the fault of the MTS accountant, payments in kind were made at the rate of 40% of the yield, instead of the established 20%. The situation has been corrected by the measures taken. The perpetrators are brought to justice.

In some areas, there are facts of group refusal of individual farmers to carry out grain deliveries. In the Dmitrovsky s / s of the Pochepsky district, a number of poor individual farmers refused to carry out grain deliveries, declaring: ʺWe, the poor, did not pay before and now we will not pay.ʺ In the village. Senkovo, in the same district, 25 individual farms refused grain supplies. In the village. Novaya Buda, Khislavichsky district, 66 individual farms refused to provide grain. The representatives of the RIK, who offered to carry out grain deliveries, were expelled from the village by individual farmers. All cases of refusal to fulfill grain deliveries are under investigation.

In a number of southern districts (Navlinsky, Karachevsky, Starodubsky) in recent days, there has been an increase in the facts of shelter of grain by individual farmers in pits and attics. In the same districts, firm Zadans hastily threshed bread and distribute it to familiar collective farmers with the expectation of getting it back after the end of grain deliveries.

As of August 15, the annual grain delivery plan was fulfilled by 14.4%, the growth over the five‐day period is 11.3%. Collective farms have fulfilled 16.3% of the plan, individual farmers ‐ 11.9%. The August grain delivery plan was fulfilled by 112%. In connection with the increased flow of grain to receiving points, in some areas (Gzhatsky, Velikolutsky), a threat to its safety is created. In some areas, there were cases of floor collapse and, in connection with this, damage and loss of a significant amount of grain.

In some areas (Pustoshkinsky, Surazhsky, etc.), a significant amount of grain has accumulated at the points and a threat to the normal course of acceptance is created. At some points, due to the poor work of the receptionists, the lack of weights and receipt receipts, there is an accumulation of large queues of grain shippers. At the Smolensk receiving point, due to the lack of weights, the accumulation of delivery personnel reached 300 supplies. Measures have been taken to eliminate such abnormalities.

In a significant number of collective farms, crop accounting is completely absent (Karachevsky, Brasovsky and other districts). Rye is not weighed during threshing, rye is sent to mills and points without weight, in connection with which there have been cases of thefts, both during threshing and when sent to points.

As of August 15, 187,400 hectares of flax were harvested, or 30.9% of the plan. Growth over the five‐day period is 17.5%. Collective farms cut 35.3% of the sown area, state farms ‐ 44.4%, individual farmers ‐ 21.7%. Only 1700 hectares were selected with flax pickers, 10.1% of the selected flax were spread and soaked. In most flaxgrowing areas, picking of flax is slow. The sentiments are widespread among grassroots workers: “First of all, we will deal with grain deliveries, since this is a new business, we will have time to remove flax”. In Belsky, Karmanovsky, Temkinsky and other districts, the collective farms, despite the complete maturation of large areas of flax, do not start harvesting; as a result, the flax stops standing and loses its quality.

In some collective farms of the Sebezhsky district, the quality of flax heads combing is low, as a result, 25‐30% of the seeds remain in the sheaves and go into the soaking pits. In order to avoid flax procurement, some collective farms show understated flax yield figures. There is still little use of flax removers. For example, 103 flax pickers do not work in Vyazemskaya MTS, some of them are without belts. At the Isakovsky site, 15 flax pickers stand in the rain and rust.

There are widespread tendencies to avoid the use of flax‐pickers due to the desire of collective farms to avoid paying MTS in kind, and in a number of cases because of the really poor performance of the pullout trucks. As of August 15, 6844 kg of bread were seized at bazaars, incl. collective farmers have 1075 kg. In some areas (Yukhnovskiy, Dorogobuzhskiy, etc.), due to the prohibition of the trade in bread in the bazaars, the latter began to develop at mills. No. 48920.

Bluth

SPECIAL MESSAGE FROM

OGPU PP on TsCHO

To the head of the SPO OGPU T. Molchanov

Some collective farms of Solntsevsky, Dmitrievsky, Shchigrovsky, Ivaninsky and other districts were unprepared for the harvesting campaign. In addition to the shortage of machines, the existing machines are carelessly repaired, as a result of which they operate under partial load. On the Krasny May collectively farm of the Medvensky district, 4 reapers released from repairs turned out to be unsuitable for work. On the Leninsky Oktyabr collective farm of the Solntsevsky District, harvesting is carried out manually, while the existing reapers are not repaired, as a result of which only 80 hectares of the 324 hectares to be harvested have been harvested. Similar facts were noted in the collective farms of Dmitrievsky and Ivnyansky districts.

In a number of collective farms (Rozhdestvensko‐Khavsky, Kastorensky, Droskovsky and other districts), the fight against crop losses is extremely unsatisfactory. As a result, losses in some collective farms reach significant levels. According to incomplete data, 15 collective farms on an area of 1346 hectares have lost about 350 centners of grain. In the Hammer and Sickle collective farm, Khavsky district, as a result of careless harvesting of rye on an area of 235 hectares, 700 poods were lost. grains. On the collective farm ʺBolshevikʺ of the Tokarevsky District, on an area of 152 hectares, no raking of ears was carried out, as a result of which there are large losses of grain. Similar facts are noted in the collective farms of the Droskovsky and Volokonovsky regions.

The slow pace of harvesting work is mainly due to the poor organization of labor, low labor discipline and the resistance of the k.‐r. kulak elements. On the collective farm ʺPamyat Leninʺ in the Kirsanovsky district, the production norms have not been worked out, labor discipline is absent, as a result, the norms are fulfilled by 40%. On the collective farm. The 12th anniversary of the October Revolution of the Kalacheyevsky District, grain harvesting is proceeding at an extremely slow pace. They leave for work no earlier than 8 oʹclock. mornings, overnight stays in the field are not organized, as a result, the production rate reaches only 30%. Similar facts take place in individual collective farms of Droskovsky, Melovatsky, Volokonovsky and other regions. According to available data, up to 2,500 able‐bodied collective farmers do not go to work in 37 collective farms in 19 districts. In the majority of collective farms in the Tokarevsky district, due to unsatisfactory repair of machines, low labor discipline, harvest plans have been thwarted. On the collective farm ʺBolshevikʺ in the same region, mowers and knitters fulfill the norms by 25‐30%.

Some collective farm leaders underestimate the importance of timely stacking of grain, as a result of which there is a large gap between mowing and stacking (Glushkovsky, Medvensky and a number of other regions).

On the collective farms served by the Borisov MTS, the stacking is delayed. The mown bread (about 100,000 kopecks) has not yet been stocked up. In the collective farm ʺHammer and Sickleʺ of Valuisky district, there are cases when 30‐40 hectares of mown bread remain unimplemented for several days, as a result, the rye dries and crumbles.

Threshing in the area is unsatisfactory. A number of collective farms, owing to the indiscriminate nature of the management, are not provided with threshing machines, and the existing machines operate with great interruptions. The collective farm ʺZavet Ilyichʺ of the Kozlovsky district has a semi‐complex threshing machine, which has not yet been repaired, as a result the collective farm has not yet started threshing. The quality of threshing, in some cases, is extremely low, part of the grain remains in the straw. On the ʺOctoberʺ collective farm of the Tomarovsky district, after threshing, about 30% of unhilled grain was found in the straw. The low quality of threshing is also noted in a number of collective farms in Kalacheevsky, Verkhne‐Lopansky and other regions.

In some collective farms of the Levo‐Rossoshansk, Dobrovskoe, Usmansky and other districts, advance payments to collective farmers are of a mercenary nature (advances are issued for eaters, leveling flourishes, all threshed bread is given out of the advance). According to incomplete data, in 12 districts (23 collective farms) 34 cases of advances were issued on the basis of the food‐processing principle. Some collective farms manage to issue advances 3‐4 times, without starting grain deliveries (Staro‐Yuryevsky, Dobrovsky and other areas). The pace of grain deliveries does not ensure the fulfillment of the August plan on time. The unsatisfactory rates of grain production are mainly due to anti‐state tendencies that are taking place in individual collective farms and the sabotage of c. kulak elements who penetrated government posts in collective farms (Medvensky, Pichaevsky, Zherdevsky and other areas).

Instead of a decisive struggle for the successful fulfillment of grain deliveries, consumer tendencies prevail among individual collective farm leaders: “We will provide, first of all, collective farmers, and then we will start grain deliveries” (Belovsky, Talovsky, Gremyachensky and other districts). In the collective farm ʺRevolution Waveʺ of the Left Rossoshansk region, the chairman of the collective farm Fedotov sent 200 poods. rye to the mill for grinding. Fedotov, in an interview with collective farmers, declares: “I sent 200 poods from the current. rye to the mill for distribution to collective farmers, and we will hand it over to the state later. ʺ On the collective farm. Stalinʹs Leskovsky district, the chairman of the collective farm Konyaev, members of the board and the secretary of the cell Makov, instead of organizing grain delivery, all the bread from the first threshing was divided among the collective farmers. Similar facts take place in the collective farms ʺPut Leninʺ, ʺBolshevikʺ and others.

In some areas, the facts of the shelter of crops continue to be noted. According to 9 districts, in 21 village councils 4196 hectares of covered crops were identified. In the Sosnovsky district, the measurement revealed 496 hectares of hidden crops. In the Terekhovsky s / s of the Starooskolsky district, 300 hectares of covered crops have been identified. Similar facts were noted in a number of village councils of the Dobrovsky district.

Grain deliveries in the sole sector are much worse. In a number of villages, facts of direct sabotage of grain deliveries by part of the individual farmers are being recorded. There are cases of hiding bread in pits, attics, etc. In some villages of 5 districts, 13 cases of hiding a significant amount of grain in pits were revealed (Vorontsovsky, Volovsky and other districts).

Using the shortcomings and, in some cases, the lack of mass explanatory work on the issue of grain deliveries, Ph.D. The kulak element is agitating with the appeal: ʺHide bread in pits, demand that bread be divided among the eaters (Sampur district) and in an organized way not give bread to the stateʺ (Uvarovsky district). On the collective farm ʺKrasnaya Gorkaʺ of the Dankovsky District, kulaks provoked an organized protest of collective farmers against grain‐giving. In the collective farm ʺ16th Party Congressʺ of the LeftRossoshansk District, the collective farm board held a meeting at the current. At this meeting, a resolution was passed that the collective farm could not fulfill the grain supply plan given to it and decided to elect a representative to be sent to Moscow. Brigadier Doronin, kulak, was elected as the representative. On the Krasny Sedyatel collective farm in the Sudzhansk region, before leaving the cart with bread to the station, the kulak Ivanov gathered collective farmers and urged not to allow the shipment of grain. Ivanov said: ʺFirst of all, we need to provide the collective farmers with bread, and only then deliver it to the state.ʺ Ivanov was expelled from the collective farm and brought to trial. No. 91572.

Bochinsky

SPECIAL MESSAGE OF

PP OGPU on SKK

To the head of the SPO OGPU T. Molchanov

Facts of poor organization of labor in a number of regions of the region continue to be noted. Thus, on the ʺSecond Five‐Year Planʺ collective farm of the Chelbass MTS, out of 500 able‐bodied collective farmers, 50% go to work (together with teenagers). In the 3rd brigade, out of 60 people, 20 systematically do not go to work; the foreman does not know the exact number of workers in the brigade. In the 6th brigade, out of 96 people, no more than 18 people go to work. The threshing brigade employs about 40 people about the thresher, half of them do nothing. Standards are not worked out by any brigade. Small‐group piecework is not applied, the foremen work ʺin bulkʺ. They start working at 9‐10 oʹclock. in the morning, and finish before sunset, the collective farmers do not sleep in the field. In the 6th brigade, through the fault of the accountants who change the books of collective farmers two or three times a month, workdays have not been recorded for more than 2 months,

On the collective farm Kr. In Borisovskoye, Novo‐Pokrovsky district, 70‐80 hectares are mowed daily with a task of 167 hectares. Over 25% of collective farmers do not go to work. In the second brigade of the collective farm ʺKulttrudʺ, the production rates are not fulfilled, instead of 4.5 hectares, only 2.2 hectares are mowed on a lobe. There is no discipline in the brigade, the mowers, after going around one circle, rest for more than an hour. Collective farmersʹ workdays are not recorded in the book. A similar situation with the organization of labor is noted in the collective farms of the UstBystryansk MTS, Beloglinsky, Primorsko‐Akhtarsky and other districts.

The dulling of class vigilance on the part of individual leaders of regional organizations and collective farms made it possible for the K.‐R. kulak elements to work to disrupt the main activities of the party in the countryside, to engage in eyewash and direct deception of the state.

Especially characteristic in this respect is the collective farm named after. Shevchenko, who, after the end of the spring sowing, sent a report stating that the collective farm had completed the sowing task in full, and in fact the collective farm had not planted 93.6 hectares. During the harvesting campaign, the bread was threshed in a pest, 20% of the grain went into straw, and this straw was used to stoke locomotives. Kolkhoz chairman Poddubny, a former red partisan, fell under the influence of a group of kulaks and completely disintegrated, engaging in systematic drunkenness. As a result of wrecking sowing on this collective farm, spring wheat in the amount of 9.5 hectares died by 90%. Despite this, on April 11, 1933, the regional seeding committee decided: “To note that on the basis of the Bolshevik attitude towards the work of collective farmers, high labor productivity, socialist competition and shock workers, iron discipline, and a decisive struggle against kulak sabotage, the kolkhoz completed the spring sowing ahead of schedule, therefore, by sowing, it decides: for truly Bolshevik examples of the struggle for sowing, the collective farm as a whole should be rewarded with 100 poods. flour, personally the chairman of the collective farm Poddubny, Pydik, Gagai, Ganzhu and others. 100 rubles each. ʺ Leading positions on the collective farm were mainly occupied by people from the kulak‐wealthy milieu ‐ former whites. A member of the board, supply manager Pydik, a former white man who was deprived of voting rights in the past, is related to the assistant chieftain Ganzhi. Brigadier Bulatetsky is a kulak, with whom the collective farm chairman Poddubny worked before the revolution. Bulatetskyʹs wife is the daughter of the assistant chieftain Ganzhi. Weigher Shepilko is a former white man. In addition, a significant part of the collective farmers consisted of former kulaks who served in the white armies and took an active part in the struggle against Soviet power. The kulak leadership of the collective farm scoffed at the poor collective farmers, kept them hungry for several days, and drank themselves. The perpetrators are brought to justice. Measures have been taken to renew the composition of the board.

The secretary of the party cell of the ʺSecond Five‐Year Planʺ collective farm of the Tsimlyansk region, Lividenko, while working out the harvesting schedule, told the collective farmers: ʺHow can such schedules be fulfilled when we have little tax and collective farmers are exhausted.ʺ When the director of the Romanovskaya MTS worked with the collective farmers on the issue of introducing night work, Lividenko told him: ʺThe collective farmers are very overworked in daytime work and will not agree to work at night.ʺ

The chairman of the board of the collective farm ʺSelmashʺ of the Crimean region, without the permission of the political department and the village council, unauthorizedly went to his own apiary in the Korenovsky district, where he stayed for 6 days, and the collective farm was left without any leadership. Meter of the 2nd brigade of the collective farm named after Voroshilov UstBystryansk MTS on the night of July 27‐28 in a brigade trailer organized a booze with the collective farmers, during which he told the collective farmers: ʺNeither the chairman, nor the foreman, nor the political department understand anything, contact me, I will do everything.ʺ Kumskov was removed from work.

The brigadier of the collective farm “Krasny Khleborob” in a statement addressed to the party attached to this collective farm indicates: “It is impossible to work with such leadership of the collective farm board. Without the knowledge of the brigadier, they took all the property of the brigade and part of the collective farmers. I stayed with 15 collective farmers. The work is at a standstill, the site is not being cleaned. In view of such impersonality, I quit my position and work. Let the collective farm chairman Dyachenko himself lead the brigade. Similar facts were noted in the Smirnovskaya MTS, individual collective farms in Georgievsky and other districts.

In some regions, facts of illegal grain threshing were revealed. The ʺTraktorostroyʺ collective farm at its mill milled not only its own grain, but also the grain of individual farmers without the permission of the village councils. On August 5, when inspecting the mill, several individual farmers who were there, brought 3‐5 poods for grinding. grains fled, leaving grain and carts near the mill. Similar facts were revealed in Temryuk and other regions.

The unsatisfactory organization of public catering and systematic delays in the issuance of naturavances is used by Ph.D. kulak element in order to provoke group actions of collective farmers. In the 4th brigade of the Krasny Fighter collective farm of the Mechetinskaya MTS, 18 piggy banks demonstratively quit their jobs and went home due to the lack of grain quantities. On the collective farm ʺKamenny khleborobʺ, due to the untimely delivery of grain to the mill, the collective farmers on August 8 were not given bread. The combined team working at the thresher did not come to work, and the threshing was not carried out. The 2nd brigade of the same collective farm also did not work that day, because out of 45 people, only 6 went to work. The perpetrators are brought to justice. On the collective farm. Stalin of the Novo‐Pokrovsky region on the basis of equalizing distribution of bread (rakers of lobsters and bison for 1500 g and the rest for 1000‐800 g) in the 1st brigade, 12 people left their jobs. In addition, some collective farmers, refusing to work, lay down under the shock, saying: “Let those who receive 1.5 kg work.

On a number of collective farms serviced by the Kazan MTS, systematic group bagpipes are noted due to the delay in the issuance of natures, mainly in womenʹs brigades. A group of housewives of the 7th brigade of the Lopatinsky collective farm, including 13 people, quit their work at 4:00. day. For the same reasons, they quit their job at 5 oʹclock. in the evening, a group of collective farmers from the Kolontsevsky collective farm and 30 collective farmers from the Novo‐Bykovsky collective farm. On the collective farm ʺKrasny Oktyabrʺ of the Sadkovskaya MTS, a candidate for the job was identified. a wrecking group consisting of: Galatova E. (brother of the exiled kulaks, wealthy, who had 60 hectares of crops, 16 bulls, 18 heads of cattle), his son Galatov A., Zhuravlev (a former kulak, his father is an active White Guard, a disenfranchised), his brother Zhuravleva I., Zhuravleva E. (fist), brigade leader of the 1st brigade Ivanov, podkulachnik. In order to tighten the threshing and grain delivery, the group deliberately did not load the hoppers and tax. Zhuravlev E. during the mowing deliberately directed the bulls with the mower to the stone, as a result of which the mower suffered an accident. Brigadier Ivanov did not give the team members work orders, referring to the dew, delaying the start of work until 9‐10 hours. mornings, conducting a / s campaigning among collective farmers. Members of the group were arrested.

In the collective farm ʺParizhskaya Kommunaʺ in Labinsk District, due to the delay in harvesting, the grain is already beginning to crumble, and if the mowing is not completed in the next few days, the loss of 30‐40% of the harvest is inevitable. The delay in harvesting was the result of sabotage on the part of the leading workers of the collective farm in the person of: chairman of the collective farm board (member of the CPSU (b)), in the past the owner of a steam thresher; Brigadier Kordenko ‐ a former kulak who had permanent and seasonal workers, the pawnbroker of the Karmazin steam thresher, also a former big kulak. The latter openly conducts work aimed at disrupting the harvest, declaring: ʺWhatʹs the difference how to serve, all the same, the bread is not ours, no matter how much they thresh, the state will take everything away, we will not get anything.ʺ The chairman of the collective farm board, not being in the field, systematically drinks and squanders bread. Kordenko and Karmazin were recommended by the chairman of the collective farm to work on the collective farm as a foreman and pawnbroker at the steam grinder. Similar facts were found on the May 2 collective farm of the Kropotkinsky District.

In a number of collective farms in the Bryukhovets district, there have recently been massive diseases of collective farmers with gastric malaria. So, on the collective farm. Over the past five days, 180 people have been sick with malaria in Budyonny, which is 50% of all able‐bodied collective farmers. A similar situation in the collective farm. Voroshilov and others [ugikh]. The political department took measures to organize medical care for patients and mobilize medical personnel. By stts. Novolokinskaya, 130 cases of tropical malaria among collective farmers were registered from August 1 to August 7.

On the collective farms of the Pavlovsky district, diseases of collective farmers with an unknown eye disease have recently been noted (blindness suddenly sets in, accompanied by dilated pupils and the appearance of a thorn). Local doctors cannot understand the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. On the collective farm ʺKrasny Kubanetsʺ there have already been 25 cases of this disease. A doctor was dispatched to the site from the district.

August 8 at the collective farm. Budyonny Temryuk district, as a result of cooking lunch on water stored in a barrel of vitriol, 8 collective farmers were poisoned, 2 of them died. An investigation is underway. No. 0192670.

Nikolaev

Correct:

Makovetskaya

F. 2. Op. 11.D. 1017. L. 208‐234. Certified copy.

 

 

 

 

 

 

A special message from Alma‐Ata about the slaughter and squandering of livestock distributed for individual use to collective farmers, as of December 28, 1933

Archive: F. 3. On. 1.D. 64. L. 54‐56. Certified copy

January 9, 1934

No. 145553

Top secret

To the head of SPO‐OGPU T. Molchanov

The unsatisfactory results of the economic year in some districts, the lack of provision of individual groups of collective farmers with grain are widely used by the Bai‐kulak elements, provoking the collective farmers to slaughter productive livestock. For this purpose, Ph.D. The kulak‐bai element spreads provocative rumors about the ʺimpending famineʺ, about the ʺforced confiscation of livestockʺ, etc. “A cow needs to be slaughtered to feed itself, and some of it must be sold on the market at a high price. Livestock is only given for the winter so that we feed it, and in the spring it will be taken away” (by the Charter ‐ Esil district). “Today you were given cattle, and tomorrow they will be taken away for harvesting” (Enbekshilder district ‐ bai Jubalayev). “If a poor man slaughters the cattle received from the state, he will still have nothing. The law of August 7 cannot be applied to the poor” (bai Medeusov‐Chetsky district). Under the influence of Bai agitation in a number of places, the slaughter of cattle is assuming wide proportions. According to incomplete data, in 27 districts of Alma‐Ata, West Kazakhstan, Aktobe and Karaganda regions in October‐November 1933, over 5,200 head of livestock were slaughtered for meat, which were in the individual use of collective farmers.

In with. N [ovo] ‐Palestinovka of Atbasar district collective farmers from 30 distributed sheep cut 18. In Kounrad district in TOZ named after Molotov, of the 48 heads of cattle received in one decade, 13 heads were slaughtered. Member of the collective farm. Stalinʹs Chui region Bikeyev slaughtered two goats for meat. Similar facts are noted in Telmansky, Dzhabeitinsky, Batbakarinsky and other districts.

In a number of districts, collective farmers slaughter livestock and sell them in markets at speculative prices. In with. The collective farm of the Telmansky District is developing the sale of livestock for individual use. Collective farmers Lozshukhin, Moskvichenko, Reshetko each sold 2 rams. Collective farmer Bogdantseva sold the received cow for 1 thousand 760 rubles. In aul No. 4 of the Taipak District, the collective farmer Khasanov killed 3 heads of cattle, Talikbaev 2 heads. In total, up to 30 head of cattle were slaughtered. The collective farmers exchange the meat of the slaughtered cattle for bread and sell it on the market at speculative prices.

There have been cases when grassroots workers, including communists, not only do not fight slaughter, but in some places they initiate and promote slaughter and speculation in livestock. Group of assets TOZ im. Molotov, Kounrad region, headed by the chairman of the village council Kasiev (a member of the CPSU (b)) agitates the TOZ members for the slaughter of cows received from the state, saying: ʺIf the state wants to feed its population, it will provide more livestock.ʺ In TOZ ʺIlemenʺ of Dzhangalinsky district, up to 80% of the distributed cattle are slaughtered. The chairman of the village council Kadyrov and the chairman of the TOZ slaughter their own livestock and issue certificates for slaughter to the members of the TOZ. Similar facts are noted in Ispulsky, Dzhabeitinsky and other districts.

In some districts, during the distribution of livestock, a significant part of it was appropriated by false bellesenda (in 13 districts up to 2,500 animals were appropriated by false bellesenda) and fell into the hands of a socially alien element (Ulansky, Taipak, Ili and other areas). No. 162492.

Volodzko

Dispatched: 1) Stalin; 2) Kaganovich; 3) Molotov.

F. 3. On. 1.D. 64. L. 54‐56. Certified copy.

III. Intelligentsia. The youth. Clergy

Special messages from the OGPU about the operation against the Trotskyists. January 15, 1933

Archive: F. 2. On. 11.D. 1035. L. 1‐4. Certified copy

January 15, 1933ö No. 50018

Top secret

Central Committee of the CPSU (b) to comrade Stalin

Copy: to comrade Kaganovich, Postyshev, Molotov

January 14 this year we promptly liquidated the development of the central group of Trotskyists. Of the 87 persons subject to arrest, 68 people were arrested in Moscow, an order was given to arrest 7 people in the DCK and 6 people who are on business trips in different cities; 6 people hiding by us are wanted.

A significant number of c.‐r. Trotskyist literature, 5 archives of Trotskyist materials and correspondence with reference. During Gaevskyʹs arrest, Comrade Radek called the latter, who inquired:

ʺAre you all well?ʺ

The most characteristic is taken from the following individuals:

1.         Smirnov I.N. During the search, an archive of Trotskyist documents was seized, covering the period from 1928 to the beginning of 1931. Among the seized documents are articles and directive letters of Trotsky, written abroad, ʺknown (earlier) to usʺ, as well as political correspondence between exiled Trotskyists, testifying to that after filing an application for a break with the opposition and the restoration of the rights of a party member, Smirnov continued to maintain contact with the Trotskyists.

2.         Preobrazhensky E.A. The archive of Trotskyist documents was withdrawn: articles by Trotsky, Rakovsky and other opposition leaders of 1928‐1929.

3.         Ter‐Vaganyan V.A. A significant number of Trotskyist documents and genuine letters from Trotsky to Vaganian from the period of 1928 were seized.

4.         Ufimtsev N.I. The extensive archive of Trotskyist literature was removed, containing documents from the period 1928‐1930.

5.         Kozlovsky Ch.M. Seized 10 original manuscripts and notes of Lenin, kept by Kozlovsky with the knowledge of the Trotskyists and not handed over to the Lenin Institute, one note by Dzerzhinsky and the original telegram written by Trotsky to Lenin about the capture of Kazan.

6.         Bliskavitsky N.M. Cuttings from the foreign Trotskyist press and correspondence with a link were found.

7.         Mekler N.O. The Trotskyist archive was withdrawn.

8.         Stolova F.D. 34 specimens were found. Leninʹs wills printed by typographic method, correspondence with reference and old

Trotskyist leaflets.

9.         Simbirsky A.E. Trotskyʹs last articles and archive of old Trotskyist documents.

10.     Maleev M.A. The original text of his essays on the Saratov Combine Construction, written on behalf of Smirnov with Trotskyist guidelines, was removed.

11.     Raphael RB Extensive correspondence with reference and addresses of the Trotskyists.

12.     Myagkova T.I. Extensive correspondence with the exiled

Trotskyists.

In addition, arrested:

13.     Ginzburg L.G., 14. Sadovsky L.Ya.,15. Lyubich A.S.,16. Jacek V.K.,17. Ivashkin V.V.,18. Grunshtein K.I.,19. Verzhblovsky D.V.,20.

Gaevsky D.S.,21. Livshits B.S.,22. Belyaev M.A.,23. Nikolaev N.I.,

24. A.A. Gluzkina,25. Grinchenko       M.L.,26. Ventskus P.I.,27.

Bronstein L.I.,28. Golodets M.G.,29. Baranov R.I.,30. Altayev Ya.Yu.,

31. Bespalov M.S.,32.    Vasiliev    M.P.,33.    Glan‐Globus     V.B.,

34.Dmitriev M.P., 35. Epikhin S.S., 36. Zeltser M.G., 37. Krasavin

M.I., 38. Lovut M.S., 39. V.V. Letunov, 40. Lipenzon S.M., 41. Mirimovich Ya.M., 42. Nevzhinsky A.A., 43. Oganesov A.V., 44. Okudzhava N.S., 45. Roitman D.L., 46. Saminskiy M.S., 47. Senatskaya E.M., 48. Solovyan A.A., 49.Sorkin N.R., 50. O. M. Tankhilevich, 51. Usagin A.I., 52. Fishman B.N., 53. Fried M.Ya., 54. Khotinskaya L.I., 55. Chagovskiy A.D., 56. Schreiber L.N., 57. Steinberg E.G., 58. Shabion A.M., 59. Shur L.O.,60. Yugov M.S., 61. Radin I.S., 62. Rabinson S.G., 63. Selberstein B.M., 64. Kraskina E.I.,

65. Popov V.F., 66. G.S. Seliverstov, 67. Dovzhik E.B. and 68. Belevich I.P.

Most of those listed were also found to have Trotskyist C.R. documents. Simultaneously with the arrests in Moscow, an arrest order was issued:

69. P. Pereverzeva, 70. Safonova A.N., 71. Esterman I.S., 72. Levitan and 73. Lyubimova M., located in the DCK on the construction of the Baikal‐Amur road.

An arrest warrant was also given:

74.    Konstantinova           A.A. (Cherepovets),           75.            R.E.

Krichevskaya. (Smolensk), 76. Shvyrkova D.N. (Kemerovo) and 77.

Bolotnikova (Kislovodsk).

Hidden:

78. Kuzmin, 79. Solovyova, 80. Bobrovsky, 81. Lomov‐Thumb, 82. Kravchuk, 83. Chilikin, 84. Gaucher, 85. Mushlin, 86. Nechaev and

87. We are looking for Ostrovskaya.

Deputy Chairman of the OGPU Yagoda

F. 2. On. 11.D. 1035. L. 1‐4. Certified copy.

 

Special messages from the OGPU about the operation against the Trotskyists. April 19, 1933

Source:  ʺTop secretʺ: Lubyanka to Stalin on the situation in the country (1922‐1934)

April 19, 1933, No. 50216

Top secret

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) t. Stalin

OGPU April 2 this year arrested a group of Trotskyists led by the following active Trotskyists:

1)                   Valentinov Grigory Borisovich, a former member of the CPSU (b) since 1915, expelled for the second time in February of this year. from the party for the Trotskyist speech and the director of Giproiv who was removed from his post;

2)                   A.A. Pyataev, a member of the CPSU (b) since 1919, who returned from exile in 1929 after I.N. Smirnov and reinstated in the CPSU (b) in 1931, who worked at the time of his arrest as deputy. Head of ROM of Soyuzazot trust.

This group set itself the task of rallying the remnants of the Trotskyist organization and the release of the candidate for revolution. leaflets in response to the arrest of I.N. Smirnov. In the middle of March this year. the group tried to release k.‐r. document entitled ʺFor the restoration of the true power of the proletariat and the party,ʺ containing a number of directive political and tactical guidelines for the deployment of c. work at industrial enterprises.

During the search, Pyataev was seized with the original of this document and five copies printed on a typewriter, which Pyataev tried to destroy. The document denies the existence of the dictatorship of the proletariat in the country, calls for the restoration of the Trotskyist organization, an active struggle against Soviet power, preparation for the seizure of power by force, and as one of the methods of struggle it suggests organizing strikes at industrial enterprises. It was established that the authors of the document are Valentinov and Pyataev. Pyataev and other members of the group were preparing for the organization of an underground printing house and the transfer of a number of Trotskyists to an illegal position. 7 people were arrested in this case, including 2 members of the CPSU (b).

Deputy OGPU Chairman Agranov

Head of the SPO OGPU Molchanov

F. 2. Op. 11.D. 8. L. 133‐134. Certified copy.