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Marx-Engels Subject Archive
Karl Marx
On Women(1818-1883)
Karl Marx wrote little about women's oppression and then only as part of working-class oppression, something that has left a confusing legacy and numerous interpretations. Certainly his contribution might best be to the analysis of capitalism and human liberation.
1848: Proletarians and Communists from The Communist Manifesto (written by Marx and Engels)
1867: From Capital Vol I part III, The Production of Absolute Surplus Value, Ch X, The Working-day, Section 3 — Branches of English Industry without Legal Limits to Exploitation
1867: From Capital Vol I part IV, The Production of Relative Surplus Value, Ch. 15: Machinery and Modern Industry. Section 2 — The Value Transferred by Machinery to the Product
1867: From Capital Vol I part IV, The Production of Relative Surplus Value, Ch. 15: Machinery and Modern Industry. Section 3a — The Employment of Women and Children
1867: From Capital Vol I part IV, The Production of Relative Surplus Value, Ch. 15: Machinery and Modern Industry. Section 9 — The Factory Acts. Sanitary and Educational Clauses of the same. Their General Extension in England.
From Marx’s Correspondence
Marx To Ludwig Kugelmann, 5 December 1868
Marx To Ludwig Kugelmann, 12 December 1868
Frederick Engels
(1820-1895)
Though nearly a lifetime theoretical collaborator with Karl Marx, it is Engels that more often took up women's issues in his work, in particular, Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, which became very influential to later Marxist writers such as Bebel and Lenin.
1845: The Conditions of the Working-Class in England
Chapter 8: Single Branches of Industry.
1884: Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
Chapter 2: The Family
Chapter 9: Barbarism and CivilisationFrom Engels’ Correspondence
Engels to Gertrud Guillaume-Schack, c. 5 July 1885
Engels to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 7 December 1889
Engels to Paul Ernst, 5 June 1890
Engels to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 6 January 1892