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Chapter 4
1. R. W. Davies, The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia I: The Socialist Offensive; The Collectivisation of Soviet Agriculture, 1929--1930 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1980), pp. 4--5.
2. Ibid. , pp. 16--18.
3. Lynne Viola, The Best Sons of the Fatherland: Workers in the Vanguard of Soviet Collectivisation (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), p. 22.
4. Ibid. , p. 13.
6. Ibid. , p. 54.
7. Ibid. , p. 52.
8. Ibid. , p. 53.
9. Viola, op. cit. , pp. 19, 22.
10. Émile Joseph Dillon, quoted in Webb, op. cit. , p. 809.
11. Ibid. , pp. 808--809.
12. Jean Elleinstein, Le socialisme dans un seul pays (Paris: Éditions Sociales, 1973), vol. 2, pp. 67--69. Davies, opcit, pp. 9, 171.
13. Davies, op. cit. , pp. 25--26.
14. Ibid. , p. 17.
15. Stalin, On the Grain Front. Leninism, p. 59.
17. Stalin, Problems of Agrarian Policy in the U.S.S.R. Leninism, p. 155.
18. Davies, op. cit. , pp. 29--30.
19. Ibid. , pp. 31, 419.
20. Ibid. , p. 32.
21. Ibid. , p. 33.
22. Ibid. , p. 34.
23. Ibid. , p. 41.
24. Ibid. , p. 38.
25. Webb, op. cit. , p. 245, n. 1.
26. Davies, op. cit. , pp. 46, 49--50. Nicolaï Boukharine, 1867uvres choisies en un volume (Moscow: Éditions du Progrès, 1988), p. 424.
27. G. Bourdiougov and V. Kozlov, Épisodes d'une biographie politique. Introduction to Boukharine, op. cit. , p. 15.
28. Ibid. , p. 16.
29. Stalin, The Right Danger. Leninism, p. 79.
31. Stalin, The Right Danger, pp. 95, 99.
32. Bourdiougov and Kozlov, op. cit. , pp. 26--27.
33. Stepniak, quoted in Webb, op. cit. , pp. 563--564.
34. Dillon, quoted in Webb, op. cit. , p. 565.
35. Davies, op. cit. , p. 109.
37. Stalin, Problems of Agrarian Policy in the U.S.S.R., p. 163.
38. Ibid. , pp. 145, 163.
39. Davies, op. cit. , p. 112.
40. Ibid. , p. 121.
41. Ibid.
43. Ibid. , pp. 93--94.
44. Davies, op. cit. , p. 218.
45. Ibid. , p. xx.
46. Ibid. , p. 173.
47. Ibid. , p. 274.
48. Ibid. , p. 160.
49. Viola, op. cit. , pp. 215--216.
50. Ibid. , p. 216.
51. Ibid. , p. 215.
52. Ibid. , p. 29.
53. Davies, op. cit. , p. 226.
55. Davies, op. cit. , pp. 225--226.
56. Ibid. , p. 205.
57. Ibid. , p. 206.
58. Ibid. , pp. 206--207.
60. Ibid. , p. 103.
61. Ibid.
62. Ibid. , p. 109.
63. Ibid. , p. 141.
64. Ibid. , p. 135.
65. Ibid. , p. 154.
66. Ibid. , p. 172.
67. Ibid. , p. 216.
68. Davies, op. cit. , pp. 152--153.
69. Ibid. , p. 154.
70. Ibid. , p. 155.
71. Ibid. , pp. 161--162.
72. Ibid.
73. Ibid. , p. 165.
74. Robert H. McNeal, editor, Resolutions and decisions of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Volume 3, The Stalin Years: 1929--1953 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1974), p. 23.
75. Ibid. , p. 29.
76. Ibid. , p. 27.
77. Ibid. , p. 25.
78. Ibid. , p. 29.
79. Ibid.
80. Ibid.
81. Ibid. , pp. 30--31.
82. Ibid. , p. 34.
83. Ibid. , p. 28.
84. Ibid. , p. 37.
85. Ibid. , pp. 40--43.
86. Ibid. , pp. 40--41.
87. Ibid. , p. 42.
88. Ibid. , p. 41.
89. Ibid. , p. 42.
90. Ibid. , p. 43.
93. Viola, op. cit. , p. 154. Davies, op. cit. , pp. 212--213.
94. Davies, op. cit. , p. 221.
95. Ibid. , pp. 138--139.
96. Ibid. , p. 140.
97. Ibid. , pp. 140--141.
98. Ibid. , p. 144.
99. Ibid. , p. 145.
100. Ibid. , p. 183.
101. Ibid. , p. 184.
102. McNeal, op. cit. , pp. 41--42.
103. Charles Bettelheim. L'économie soviétique (Paris: Éditions Recueil Sirey, 1950), p. 87.
104. Davies, op. cit. , p. 228.
105. Ibid. , pp. 232--233.
106. Ibid. , p. 231.
107. Ibid. , p. 233.
108. Ibid. , pp. 235--236.
109. Ibid. , p. 228.
110. Ibid. , pp. 258--259.
111. Ibid. , pp. 247--248.
112. Karl Kautsky, Bolshevism at a Deadlock (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1931), pp. 97--98.
113. Ibid. , p. 150.
114. Ibid. , pp. 139--140.
115. Ibid. , p. 124.
116. Ibid. , p. 173.
117. Davies, op. cit. , pp. 262--263, 442.
118. Ibid. , p. 239.
119. Ibid. , p. 240.
120. Ibid. , p. 265.
121. Ibid. , p. 264.
122. Stalin, Dizzy with Success: Problems of the Collective Farm Movement. Leninism, p. 170.
123. Ibid. , p. 171.
124. Ibid. , pp. 171--172.
125. Ibid. , p. 172.
126. Davies, op. cit. , p. 273.
127. Ibid. , pp. 280--281.
128. Ibid. , p. 271.
129. Viola, op. cit. , p. 116.
130. Stalin, Dizzy with Success, p. 169.
131. Davies, op. cit. , p. 281.
132. Ibid. , p. 276.
133. Ibid. , p. 280.
134. Ibid. , pp. 319--320.
135. Ibid. , p. 300.
136. Ibid. , p. 375.
137. Ibid. , pp. 322--323.
138. Ibid. , pp. 325--327.
139. Ibid. , pp. 327--328.
140. Ibid. , pp. 335--336.
141. Ibid. , pp. 442--443, Table 17.
142. Ibid. , pp. 285--286, 288.
143. Ibid. , p. 251.
144. Ibid. , p. 419.
145. Ibid. , pp. 337--339.
146. Ibid. , pp. 360--361.
147. Ibid. , pp. 369--370.
148. Ibid. , p. 369.
149. Ibid. , p. 371.
150. Ibid. , p. 358.
151. Ibid. , pp. 378--379.
152. Ibid. , p. 380.
153. Ibid. , pp. 441--442.
154. Bettelheim, op. cit. , p. 66.
155. R. W. Davies, The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia II: The Soviet Collective Farm, 1929--1930 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1980), pp. 13--14.
156. Bettelheim, op. cit. , p. 73.
157. Davies, op. cit. , p. 15.
158. Ibid. , pp. 20--21.
159. Ibid. , pp. 25, 27.
160. Ibid. , pp. 16--18.
161. Ibid. , p. 28--29.
162. Ibid. , pp. 29, 32.
163. Bettelheim, op. cit. , pp. 102, 112.
164. Ibid. , pp. 61--65.
165. Ibid. , pp. 67--68.
166. Ibid. , pp. 76--78.
167. Progrès, op. cit. , p. 142.
168. Bettelheim, op. cit. , p. 74.
169. Ibid.
170. Ibid. , p. 82.
171. Ibid. , p. 89.
172. Ibid. , p. 93.
173. Ibid. , p. 113, n. 1.
174. Ibid. , p. 83, 90.
175. Ibid. , p. 85.
176. Ibid. , pp. 113--114.
177. Zinoviev, op. cit. , p. 53.
178. Ibid. , p. 56.
179. Ibid. , p. 236.
180. Stefan Merl, ,,Ausrottung`` der Bourgeoisie und der Kulaken in Sowjetruss land? Geschichte und Gesellschaft 13 (1987), p. 368.
181. Ibid. , p. 376.
183. Ibid.
184. Robert Conquest, The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivisation and the Terror-Famine (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), p. 306. Stefan Merl, Wie viele Opfer forderte die ,,Liquidierung der Kulaken als Klasse``? Geschichte und Gesellschaft 14 (1988), p. 534.
185. Ibid. , p. 535.
186. Ibid. , p. 537.
187. Nicolas Werth, `Goulag: les vrais chiffres'. L'Histoire 169 (September 1993), pp. 38--51. More details can be found in J. Arch Getty, Gábor T. Rittersporn and Viktor N. Zemskov. Victims of the Soviet Penal System in the Pre-war Years: A First Approach on the Basis of Archival Evidence. The America Historical Review, October 1993, pp. 1017--1049.
189. Conquest, op. cit. , p. 306.
190. Time, 18 October 1993, European edition, p. 50. Translated from the French translation.
Next: Chapter 5 Up: References Previous: Chapter 3
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