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  Soviet-Chinese relations. 1952-1955

Report of the party organization of the State Planning Committee of the People's Republic of China. June 9, 1955

Archive: Central Archive of the People's Republic of China. G150:1 137:1, Selected materials on the national economy of the People's Republic of China. 1953-1957 (general volume). pp. 411-421, translated from Chinese. lang.
127.

Report of the party organization of the Gosplan of the People's Republic of China on the results of studying the comments of Soviet advisers and the comments of the State Planning Committee of the USSR on the draft of the first five-year plan for the development of the national economy of the People's Republic of China

The State Planning Committee and the corresponding ministries of the PRC considered the Remarks of the Soviet advisers on the draft of the first five-year plan for the development of the national economy of China and the Remarks of the State Planning Committee of the USSR on certain questions of the draft of the first five-year plan for the development of the national economy of China, submitted by the chief adviser, Comrade Arkhipov*. We have made the following conclusions.

The remarks of the Soviet advisers contain 52 points, in the Notes of the State Planning Committee of the USSR - 7 points, four of which repeat the remarks of the Soviet advisers (namely, an increase in appropriations for capital construction in 1957, an increase in the capacity of new coal mines, an increase in the output of machine-building products, an expansion of the area of ​​cultivated land ). The two documents contain a total of 55 paragraphs. After considering these 55 comments, we agreed or basically agreed on 32 comments by the Soviet advisers and the USSR State Planning Committee. Agreement in principle was reached on 15 remarks by the Soviet advisers and the USSR State Planning Committee, but with the proviso that further study would be required in the course of the implementation of the annual plans. Eight points were classified as difficult to implement during the period of the first five-year plan.

I. The 32 points that were agreed or largely agreed upon can be divided into two groups:

The first group includes 23 points, in respect of which full agreement is expressed. For example, 5 additional remarks to the introductory part of the draft five-year plan and the section on the tasks of the five-year plan of the first chapter; an increase in capital investment in 1957 to correct the five-year investment parabola; an increase in 1957 in investment in railway construction; reduction in the construction of housing, cultural institutions, social security and other auxiliary facilities; inclusion in the construction plan of the enterprise for the production of vanadium and titanium Shijingshan (the proposed construction site is being studied); increase by the Ministry of Heavy Industry of the production of three types of non-ferrous metals: lead, zinc and tin; postponement of construction of Fengman-Harbin AC transmission line (design will be continued); postponing to a later date the installation of a 25,000 kW generator at the Taiyuan Thermal Power Plant; additional construction of a thermal power plant at the Fushun Oil Refinery No. 2 (it is planned to send power equipment to Fushun for the postponed Taiyuan thermal power plant); an increase in the volume of exploration work to search for deposits of coal, as well as copper, lead and other non-ferrous and rare metals (proposal of the State Planning Committee of the USSR); increase in the volume of oil drilling; increasing the pace of natural gas development (on the two previous points related to the issue of accelerating the development of the oil industry, the party organization of the Ministry of the Fuel Industry prepared a separate report for the Central Committee); the need for widespread introduction of new technology in the oil industry; limiting oil consumption; proposals to increase the output of new types of machine-building products, improve the work of supply and marketing cooperatives and other comments of the chief adviser and the State Planning Committee of the USSR, on which there is full agreement.

The second group of 9 points includes the comments of the Soviet advisers and the State Planning Committee of the USSR, with which there is basically agreement, but their specific content needs to be clarified.

1. The question of not including in the draft five-year plan a consolidated financial plan and figures for financing the economy, but making them internal accounting documents of the Planning Committee. The Soviet advisers believe that the fluctuation of income and expenditure figures for various items of the consolidated financial plan in the annual plans is very large, and if you prescribe this too rigidly in the long-term plan, you can find yourself in a difficult position. We basically agree with this point of view, however, the financial system of our country is not completely identical to the Soviet one. If we do not include funding figures in the draft plan, it will be very difficult for five years to track the full picture of the scale of construction. Therefore, we suggest that in the text part of the draft five-year plan, nevertheless, the figures for financing both economic and cultural and educational construction be written down, and they can be removed in the chapter on financial policy.

2. The question of the expediency of stopping work on expanding the second stage of the Shanghai Zhabei power plant through the installation of four electric generators with a capacity of 22,000 kW. Based on the results of a study of the dynamics of electricity consumption in the Shanghai area, the Ministry of Fuel Industry decided to abandon the installation of two additional units, but at the same time install two units according to the original plan.

3. The question of the possibility of increasing coal production by 10 million tons and

4. Changes in the share of the eastern and central regions in the total coal production in China. Prior to the party conference, when revising the draft five-year plan, changes had already been made that provided for an increase in coal production by 8.4 million tons, subsequently, annual plans mean to increase coal production by another 5 million tons in small mines, which should be built as far as possible in the eastern and central-south regions. At the same time, exploration work will be expanded there to search for coal deposits. This will make it possible in the second five-year plan to smooth out uneven distribution.

5. Re-examination of the issue of ensuring a balance in the supply of sulfuric acid and determining the site for the construction of a new plant for its production. In addition to the Planning Committee and the Ministry of Heavy Industry continuing to study plans for the construction of a new sulfuric acid plant and how to speed up the pace of early construction of the Fushun Sulfuric Acid Plant, technical measures are also being developed to increase production at existing facilities. factories in order to balance its supplies in 1957.

6. The issue of increasing the production of synthetic oil from 625 thousand tons to 900 thousand tons and a corresponding decrease in the production of natural oil. After studying the issue jointly with the Ministry of the Fuel Industry, it was decided to reduce natural oil production in Shaoyumen by 13 thousand tons. This decrease will be compensated to varying degrees by an increase in production at the Fushun and Jinxi oil refineries and the Xinjiang Oil Company. The total volume of oil production will remain the same.

7. The issue of “even wider introduction of the use of precast concrete structures, an increase in the construction of factories for the production of reinforced concrete structures”. Taking into account that we do not yet have experience in this area, and also that the standards for non-industrial construction have been lowered, in the draft five-year plan, this provision should be changed to the wording “if possible, introduce the use of precast concrete structures”. The regulation on the construction of factories for the production of structures should be left in the same form.

8. The question of organizing the processing of low-quality cotton and cotton yarn to replace cotton wool, which is in demand among the population. Market research shows that the demand for cotton wool is extremely high. It is difficult to completely replace it, and at the same time it is not easy to change the consumer habits of the population. In this regard, the only way out can be the addition of tows to cotton, the maximum use of daylilies and low-quality cotton to replace part of the cotton, as well as buying old cotton for processing and subsequent sale, and other methods to save cotton fiber for the textile industry. In this matter, we propose that the Ministry of Commerce instruct the relevant subordinate companies to study suitable measures and gradually implement them. At the same time, we propose that the Planning Committee, together with the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Trade and the Association of Cooperatives, study the issue of the widespread introduction of the processing of cotton fluff (according to an estimate, at present, its resources throughout the country are approximately 2-3 million dan**, most of it now not used) and reported to the Central Committee a specific plan of action.

9. The question of the proposal of the State Planning Committee of the USSR on the need to develop special measures to ensure an increase in crop yields. We basically agree with the point of view of the State Planning Committee of the USSR, including the widespread use of highly productive crops. The draft five-year plan contains a principled directive on this score. We suggest that the Ministry of Agriculture, on the basis of this directive and the opinion of the State Planning Committee of the USSR, determine specific measures for its implementation. On the issue of increasing the production of agrochemicals - the draft five-year plan does not give its indicators, the Ministry of Heavy Industry and local industrial departments, based on the balance of production and marketing of agrochemicals, should provide for a corresponding increase in their production in annual plans. On the issue of accelerating the construction of mineral fertilizer plants - in addition to accelerating the construction of a nitrogen fertilizer plant in Lanzhou, which was postponed from 1959 to 1958, the draft five-year plan plans to complete the construction of two phosphate fertilizer plants in 1958 (Shanxi Province and Haizhou District Jiangxi Province). Due to the fact that a sufficient amount of mineral raw materials has not yet been delivered by the second quarter of this year, it is not possible to carry out their early planning and construction. Based on the experience of Sichuan Province, we propose to introduce the method of using phosphate ore as a fertilizer before building phosphate fertilizer plants. This issue needs to be studied by the Ministry of Agriculture.

II. 15 points on which we agree in principle with the proposals of Soviet specialists and the State Planning Committee of the USSR, but we believe that in the course of the implementation of annual plans they should be studied again. Our opinion is as follows.

1. The question of whether it is possible to increase investment in 1956 and 1957. to the Wuhan and Baotou metallurgical companies, since in the five-year plan the volume of capital investments and the period for their commissioning are not coordinated among themselves. According to the original plan, the first blast furnace of the Wuhan Iron and Steel Company should be put into operation in 1959, and the construction is scheduled to be completed in 1961. The first blast furnace of the Baotou Iron and Steel Company is to be put into operation in 1960, and the construction is scheduled to be completed in 1962. In the course of construction, it is planned to try to achieve an acceleration of its pace, in connection with which the capital investments included in the first five-year plan may not be enough. After the approval of the Central Committee of the primary plan for the creation of these two companies, we are ready, on the basis of the norms established for construction, to specifically calculate the annual investment in them. If it is necessary to increase capital investments, this can be ensured by adjusting the annual funds allocated by the Ministry of Heavy Industry for five years of economic construction.

2. The question of increasing capital investments in the Taiyuan Iron and Steel Works in the period after 1956 in connection with the installation of blooming equipment supplied by the Soviet Union. We believe that the proposals of the Soviet advisers are basically rational, however, since the comprehensive plan for the Taiyuan Iron and Steel Works has not yet been determined, and its design has not yet been completed, it is also impossible to determine the pace of blooming installation. Therefore, after completion of the initial design stage and in accordance with the actual pace of construction work, this can be adjusted in the annual plans.

3. The question of starting engineering work in the first five-year plan for the development of the Zhongtyaoshan copper mine in Shanxi Province. The Ministry of Geology is currently conducting exploration work. By the end of 1954, 300 thousand tons of ore of category A 2 plus B plus C had already been mined. If the Ministry of Geology presented an official geological report at the beginning of 1956, then in the same year it would be possible to start work on drawing up a mining plan. Thus, it is possible, within the framework of the plan for 1957, to begin work on the extraction of copper.

4. The issue of increasing copper production by the Ministry of Heavy Industry in 1957 by 2,500 tons. In the draft five-year plan approved in August last year, it was determined that in 1957 46,296 tons of copper would be produced throughout the country, including the Ministry of Heavy Industry will produce 43 thousand tons. After that, at the II All-China Conference of Workers of Planning Bodies of the Provinces (Cities of Central Subordination), convened in January of this year, it was decided to transfer the task for the production of 2,500 tons of copper from the Ministry of Heavy Industry to Shanghai in connection with the difficulties that arose in the latter in the location of production. About 3 thousand more tons of copper with impurities were transferred to Shanghai for processing. Thus, in the draft five-year plan submitted for discussion to the party conference, the total volume of copper production in the country in 1957 was increased to 49,986 tons, while its production by the Ministry of Heavy Industry decreased to 40,500 tons. These changes were not known not only to Soviet advisers , but the planning department of the Ministry of Heavy Industry did not report them to the minister either. Therefore, when the Soviet adviser came up with his proposal, Comrade Wang Heshou agreed to the increase. Thus, in the report of the party organization of the Planning Committee presented to the Central Committee on May 30, they agreed to increase copper production by the Ministry of Heavy Industry by 2,500 tons. In fact, the task of producing 2,500 tons of copper has already been transferred to Shanghai, and the plan of the Ministry of Heavy Industry cannot be renewed. increased, but we believe that if such an opportunity arises during the annual plans, then production can be increased without reflecting this again in the draft five-year plan.

5. The question of increasing aluminum production from 20,000 to 30,000 tons. Since there is no certainty about the time of early commissioning of the second stage of the Fushun aluminum plant, in order for the five-year plan to be based on a solid foundation, it is not necessary to make a decision to increase aluminum production . However, when drawing up annual plans, it is possible to provide for its increase.

6. The question of increasing the export production of products of the machine-building industry. We consider the opinion of the Soviet advisers to be correct. However, the export of engineering products is associated with a number of complex issues, including the demand for it in the foreign market, the production capabilities of the Chinese engineering industry, standards, quality and prices for exported products. We propose to appoint the Ministry of Foreign Trade as the lead agency, which will study the issue together with the Planning Committee and various departments producing machine-building products, after which it will submit a report with proposals to the Central Committee.

7. The issue of increasing the area of ​​planting trees in the state part of the economy. We believe that the opinion put forward by the Soviet advisers that the five-year plan provides for an insufficient area for recultivation of forests in areas where it is harvested in the state sector is correct. However, due to limited financial possibilities in the first five-year plan, we will not be able to significantly increase the area of ​​artificial plantings in state forest areas. At present, in addition to meeting the objectives of the five-year plan in terms of planted areas, the main measures should be aimed at changing the system of logging in such a way as to promote natural regeneration of the forest. Forestry organizations have already drawn attention to this problem and consider it possible in the future to improve the work on recultivation of forests in state forest areas, both in terms of quality and quantity. We propose that the Ministry of Forestry pay even more attention to the study of this issue. Perhaps in the annual plans it will be possible to increase the necessary capital investments.

8. The question of increasing cultivated areas and

9. Increase in acreage under accompanying grain crops. We agree with the point of view of the Soviet advisers. Henceforth, in addition to intensifying exploration work on virgin lands, we will continue, together with the Central Committee Department for Work in the Countryside, research into the development of virgin lands. If possible, the annual plans will include a corresponding increase in the development of virgin lands, and preparations will be made for a large-scale uplift of virgin lands during the second five-year plan. On the developed virgin lands, it is necessary, depending on the situation on the ground, to plant accompanying crops, corn, yams and other highly productive crops.

10. The question of the significant development of sericulture. In the development of mulberry sericulture, the main factor is the mulberry tree, from which cocoons can be harvested only three years after planting, so a significant increase in production in the first five-year plan is difficult. The main breeding ground for the silkworm is Liaoning Province, where 1952 was an extremely productive year, the base production figures were especially high (reached 122,140 thousand jin ***), in 1953 they suddenly fell to 24,150 thousand jin and barely amounted to 20 % of 1952, in 1954, although production increased to 51,480 thousand jin, it still barely amounted to 42% of 1952. If we take 1954 as the base year, then in order to achieve the production level planned for 1957 in the next three years, it must be increased annually by 33.8%, which is a very difficult task. The Soviet advisers' reminders of this circumstance are correct, and we are ready to once again study this question and provide for a corresponding increase in production in our annual plans.

11. The question of the proposal of the State Planning Committee of the USSR on the restoration of areas under crops of yellow kenaf ****. In order to bring agricultural production more in line with the characteristics of various regions, the draft plan has been amended accordingly regarding the sown areas for crops of yellow kenaf in various provinces for five years. It is planned to reduce the production targets for this crop in some provinces where its yield is relatively low (such as Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shanxi, Shandong), and increase the targets for the production of yellow kenaf in those provinces where its yield is relatively high ( such as Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi). As a result of these amendments, although the sown area in 1957 will decrease by 12.4% compared to 1952, the gross volume of production will nevertheless increase by 19.7%. The current demand/supply balance forecast (including domestic and export needs) suggests that this increase in performance can meet domestic and external demand. We believe that the Ministry of Foreign Trade should further study this issue. Should there be a need in any of the fraternal countries to increase our exports, we could provide for a corresponding increase in production in the course of drawing up annual plans.

12. The question of increasing the volume of cargo transportation by 1957. After the comments of the Soviet advisers, we re-examined the original draft of the plan for cargo transportation for five years and believe that, although by 1957 the planned volume of transportation of certain important material resources is overstated (for example, building materials) or underestimated (for example, coal), however, speaking in general , the ratio between the originally drawn up transportation plan and production in industry, agriculture, capital construction, etc. is still basically acceptable. On the other hand, there is a possibility of an annual increase in production and capital construction, as a result of which by 1957 there is also a possibility of exceeding the plan for cargo transportation. Therefore, we consider the remark of the Soviet advisers to be quite reasonable, but we cannot predict the likelihood of such a situation occurring. At the same time, it is currently difficult to make significant amendments in terms of production and capital construction for the next two years. In this connection, the question of increasing the cargo transportation plan for 1957 can be further studied in the preparation of annual plans.

13. The issue of bringing the balance in the field of training personnel with higher and secondary specialized education. We agree with the proposals of the Soviet advisers. In the past, our main shortcoming in this area has been the lack of certainty about the needs of the various departments. According to the latest data from the Second Chancellery, the needs of the Ministry of Heavy Industry, the First Ministry of Mechanical Engineering and the Ministry of the Fuel Industry for engineering and technical workers have increased by about a third over the five-year period. The situation regarding the needs for pupils of various specialties is even more uncertain. The work of balancing the various specialties is very difficult and painstaking. In accordance with the proposals of the Soviet advisers, in the future it is necessary to carefully carry out such work,

14. The question of increasing schools for workers and engineers. Various central departments plan to train 920,000 skilled workers during the five-year plan, including 110,000 people from industrial and technical schools, i.e. about 13%. In terms of quantity and proportions, this cannot meet real needs. However, in view of the fact that in the past the base of industrial and technical schools was extremely backward, in 1952 there were only 22 schools that only 10 thousand people graduated from, an increase in the number of schools in five years by 6.4 times, and the number of graduates by 4 .5 times in terms of the pace of development is very significant. However, existing industrial and technical schools continue to experience many problems in terms of teacher qualifications, teaching materials, the quality of students and curricula, the level of technical training of graduates is also very low. So for the time being, it is necessary to follow the course of “streamlining and upgrading” and then “active development”. This issue still needs to be further studied by the Second Office of the State Council and other interested organizations.

15. The issue of starting work on planning the catering industry. We agree with the proposal of the Soviet advisers. Such work can be carried out by the Planning Committee in conjunction with the State Statistical Office, and should begin with research and study.

III. Our opinion on 8 proposals that are still difficult to accept in the first five-year plan.

1. The issue of allocating 111.9 billion yuan under the five-year plan for the procurement of raw materials and a reserve fund of 1.535 billion yuan to increase capital construction. Due to the still low level of planning work, planning accuracy is still very poor. Based on the experience of the past two years, investment estimates for the projects included in the plans were generally underestimated. The import of equipment and supplies cannot fully coincide with the originally determined pace of construction. At the same time, when drawing up future annual plans, there may inevitably be a need to increase some construction projects. In this regard, it is imperative to have a fund of funds that serves as a reserve for increasing the missing financing of some objects, temporary accumulation of unclaimed imported equipment and supplies, investments in newly added projects, etc. In order to ensure the implementation of the first five-year plan and taking into account its alignment with the second five-year plan, we consider it necessary to preserve these two financial positions in the five-year plan without determining specific directions for their use, placing them under the single control of the state.

2. The question of including in the gross industrial output the gross output of the cooperative handicraft industry. We believe that this should not be done in the first five-year plan. In addition to the arguments already given by us in the report to the Central Committee of May 30, we inform you that the cost of production of cooperative handicraft industry includes not only its own growing cost of production from year to year, but also part of the individual handicraft industry, which is in the process of cooperation. Therefore, if the total value of the production of cooperative handicraft industry is included in the total value of industrial production, it will not be possible to determine the rate of growth of industrial development in the course of the five-year plan. So it would be better to temporarily disable it.

3. The issue of carrying out the necessary preparatory work for the construction, starting from 1957, of the Shijingshan Metallurgical Plant. According to the draft 15-year long-range plan presented by the long-term planning group in the metallurgical industry, sent by the Soviet government (this draft, after being studied by the Planning Committee, will be reported to the Central Committee in the second half of this year), work on the expansion of the Shijingshan Metallurgical Plant should begin at the end of the second five year plan. Based on the distribution of industry in the country and the building forces, within the framework of the first five-year plan, we are not yet in a position to consider the question of expanding the Shijingshan metallurgical plant.

4. The question of transferring the supply of the third electric generator with a capacity of 50 thousand kW to the Fuxin power plant from 1956 to 1958 and

The question of postponing the installation of the third and fourth electric generators with a capacity of 25 thousand kW each at the Girinskaya thermal power plant from 1958 to 1959. According to the results of a survey conducted recently by representatives of the Ministry of Fuel Industry in the Northeast, after the transfer, according to the agreement, to the joint ownership of the Sino-Korean Shuifeng power plant, the power capacity that Korea supplies our country with can increase to 200 thousand kW (previously - 100 thousand . kW). From the point of view of the ratio of capacity and load of the equipment of the power grid of the North-East, a balance can be achieved and even a slight surplus may appear. However, since the amount of electricity supplied by a hydroelectric power plant has certain limits (limited by the volume of the reservoir), the electricity balance continues to be tight. At the same time, the decision to deliver the power generation equipment of the Fuxin Power Plant to the site this year has already been made. In this regard, we believe that the installation of power generation equipment at the Girin and Fuxin power plants can be carried out in accordance with the original plan. This issue was discussed with the head of the group of Soviet specialists at the Ministry of the Fuel Industry, and his consent was obtained.

5. The question of raising the plan for the production of agricultural machinery and implements. From the point of view of the production capabilities of the engineering industry, an increase in the production of agricultural machinery is possible. However, if we are guided by the needs in it, then the draft plan determines that in five years 1.89 million pieces of two-wheeled double-share plows and two-wheeled single-share plows will be produced, which is already 90 thousand pieces. exceeds the needs voiced by the Ministry of Agriculture and representatives of regional authorities at the II All-China Conference of Provincial Planners (Cities of Central Subordination). Therefore, we believe that it is not necessary to increase the already planned indicators again, but in the course of annual plans, in accordance with the situation in the development of agricultural cooperatives, to decide whether it is expedient to increase the plan.

6. The question of the expediency of reducing the construction of new textile industry enterprises in view of the impossibility of fully using the productive potential of the textile industry in the first five-year plan. We believe that the irrational phenomenon of declining efficiency in the use of textile industry equipment pointed out by Soviet advisers is true. Comrade Li Fuchun has already explained to Comrade Arkhipov the following two points: a) the textile industry, which used to be in our country, was entirely located in the coastal regions. From the point of view of distribution by districts, there is a need to build several textile factories in the interior, relying on which it will be possible to meet the needs of the people in case of problems in the coastal areas; b) within five years, the size of the new increase will be reduced from 2.72 million spindles to 1.89 million spindles, of which a significant part has already been installed or is being installed at new capacities. During the next two years, one factory will be built annually, therefore, from the point of view of alignment with the second five-year plan, the construction of new factories should not be reduced again.

7. The question of increasing the yield of various crops, primarily grain crops and cotton. The yield growth rates of several major crops determined in the draft five-year plan are on average lower than previously planned, which was done on the basis of the experience of the previous two years in order to more reliable and normalized planning. Thus, the initial plans for 1953-1954 for all crops, with the exception of wheat, were not fulfilled. In 1954, the yield of rice increased by only 3.3% compared to 1952, the yield of secondary grains decreased by 4.2% compared to 1952, and cotton yield decreased by 15.7% compared to 1952. If the indicators of 1954 are taken as basic, then in order to achieve the planned yield for 1957 over the next three years, it is necessary to annually increase the yield of rice by 3.45%, secondary grains - by 4.7%, cotton - by 9.3%. Wheat yield should increase by 21.6% with an average annual increase of 4%. Since the fragmented small-scale agricultural economy still occupies a predominant place in our country, the cultivation technique is still very backward, the ability for expanded reproduction, as well as for the prevention and control of natural disasters, is very weak, during the next three years, despite some improvement situations, fundamental changes cannot occur. Therefore, we are in favor of not changing the previously defined plan and carrying out in the next three years the already very difficult tasks of increasing production.

8. The question of expanding the network of accelerated secondary schools for workers and peasants. According to the conclusion of the recent National Conference on Culture and Education, along with the difficulties in determining the social background of students, the accelerated method also deserves re-examination, in connection with which it was decided, starting this year, to stop accepting new students in accelerated schools everywhere for workers and peasants. In order to train worker-peasant cadres necessary for state building, henceforth, departmental general education and technical schools will be developed on a planned, systematic basis at factories, mines, enterprises and institutions on a large scale. Specific criteria for them are currently being developed.

Based on the foregoing, in response to the proposals of the Soviet adviser and the USSR State Planning Committee of 55 points, we can draw the following conclusion regarding the first group of 32 points, which include those proposals of the Soviet adviser and the USSR State Planning Committee with which agreement or agreement is expressed in the main - the intention is to include them as completely as possible in the current revision of the five-year plan, with the exception of the points concerning capital construction projects and the increase in capital investments. These points will be considered collectively when developing a draft adjustment of the five-year plan. With regard to the second group of 15 points, with which there is agreement in principle, but which require further study in the course of the implementation of annual plans, it is proposed to continue studying them for the possibility of their use in adjusting annual plans, and the necessary explanations will be given to the chief adviser on them. Regarding the third group of 8 points, which includes proposals that are difficult to implement in the first five-year plan, the chief adviser will be given the necessary explanations, and we are ready to study them again in the course of developing a draft second five-year plan next year.

* Arkhipov I.V. - Deputy Minister of Nonferrous Metallurgy of the USSR in 1954-1957, simultaneously in 1955-1957. - Representative of the Main Directorate for Economic Relations with People's Democracies in the People's Republic of China.

** Tribute is a traditional Chinese measure of weight, equal to approximately 60 kg.

*** Jin - the traditional Chinese measure of weight is 500 g.

**** Kenaf - a species of annual herbaceous plants, spinning culture.